Amplifiers, Comparators, Multipliers, Filters, and Oscillators

The book presents design methods for analog integrated circuits with improved electrical performance. It describes different equivalent transistor models, design methods, and fabrication considerations for high-density integrated circuits in nanometer CMOS processes, and it analyzes circuit architectures that are suitable for analog building blocks. Highlighting various design challenges, the text offers a complete understanding of architectural- and transistor-level design issues of analog integrated circuits. It examines important trends in the design of high-speed and power-efficient front-end analog circuits that can be used for signal conditioning, filtering, and detection applications. Offers a comprehensive resource for mastering the analysis of analog integrated circuits. Describes circuit-level details of high-speed and power-efficient analog building blocks. Explores design methods based on various MOS transistor models (MOSFET, FinFET). Provides mathematical derivations of all equations and formulas. Emphasizes practical aspects relevant to integrated circuit implementation. Includes open-ended circuit design case studies.

1 MOS Transistors 1.1 Transistor structure 1.2 Transistor SPICE models 1.3 Drain-source current valid in all regions of operation 1.4 Small-geometry effects 1.5 Design-oriented MOSFET models 1.6 Summary 1.7 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 2 Physical Design of MOS Integrated Circuits 2.1 MOS Transistors 2.2 Passive components 2.3 Integrated-circuit (IC) interconnects 2.4 Physical design considerations 2.5 IC packaging 2.6 Summary 2.7 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 3 Bias and Current Reference Circuits 3.1 Current mirrors 3.2 Current and voltage references 3.3 Summary 3.4 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 4 CMOS Amplifiers 4.1 Differential amplifier 4.2 Linearization techniques for transconductors 4.3 Transconductor operating in the subthreshold region 4.4 Single-stage amplifier 4.5 Folded-cascode amplifier 4.6 Fully-differential amplifier architectures 4.7 Multistage amplifier structures 4.8 Rail-to-rail amplifiers 4.9 Amplifier characterization 4.10 Summary 4.11 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 5 Nonlinear Analog Components 5.1 Comparators 5.2 Multipliers 5.3 Summary 5.4 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 6 Continuous-Time Circuits 6.1 Wireless communication system 6.2 Continuous-time filters 6.3 Filter characterization 6.4 Filter design methods 6.5 Design considerations for continuous-time filters 6.6 Frequency-control systems 6.7 Quality-factor and bandwidth control systems 6.8 Practical design considerations 6.9 Other tuning strategies 6.10 Summary 6.11 Circuit design assessment Bibliography 7 Switched-Capacitor Circuits 7.1 Anti-aliasing filter 7.2 Capacitors 7.3 Switches 7.4 Programmable capacitor arrays 7.5 Operational amplifiers 7.6 Track-and-hold (T/H) and sample-and-hold (S/H) circuits 7.7 Switched-capacitor (SC) circuit principle 7.8 SC filter design 7.9 SC ladder filter based on the LDI transform 7.10 SC ladder filter based on the bilinear transform 7.11 Effects of the amplifier finite gain and bandwidth 7.12 Settling time in the integrator 7.13 Amplifier dc offset voltage limitations 7.14 Computer-aided analysis of SC circuits 7.15 T/H and S/H circuits based on SC circuit principle 7.16 Circuit structures with low sensitivity to nonidealities 7.17 Low-voltage SC circuits 7.18 Summary 7.19 Circuit design assessment Bibliography Appendix A Transistor sizing in building blocks A.1 MOS transistor A.2 Amplifier A.3 Comparator and latch A.4 Transistor sizing based on the gm/ID methodology A.5 Bibliography Appendix B Signal-Flow Graph B.1 SFG reduction rules B.2 Mason’s gain formula B.3 Bibliography Appendix C Notes on track-and-hold circuit analysis C.1 T/H transfer function C.2 Bibliography

Tertulien Ndjountche holds a PhD degree in electrical engineering from Erlangen-Nuremberg University, Erlangen, Germany. He was with Siemens AG, Germany, where he was involved in the design and test of application specific integrated circuits for automotive and biomedical applications. He has worked as a professor and researcher at universities in Germany and Canada. He has published numerous technical papers and books in his fields of interest. He is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and a member of Professional Engineer Ontario (PEO), Canada.