The Quantum Physics of Atomic Frequency Standards Recent Developments

Up-to-Date Coverage of Stable and Accurate Frequency Standards The Quantum Physics of Atomic Frequency Standards: Recent Developments covers advances in atomic frequency standards (atomic clocks) from the last several decades. It explains the use of various techniques, such as laser optical pumping, coherent population trapping, laser cooling, and electromagnetic and optical trapping, in the implementation of classical microwave and optical atomic frequency standards. The book first discusses improvements to conventional atomic frequency standards, highlighting the main limitations of those frequency standards and the physical basis of the limitations. It then describes how advances in the theory and applications of atomic physics have opened new avenues in frequency standards. The authors go on to explore the research and development of new microwave and optical frequency standards before presenting the results in frequency stability and accuracy achieved with these new frequency standards. They also illustrate the application of atomic clocks in metrology, telecommunications, navigation, and other areas and give some insight into future work. Building on the success of the previous two volumes, this up-to-date, in-depth book examines the vast improvements to atomic clocks that have occurred in the last 25 years. The improved stability and accuracy enable the verification of physical concepts used in fundamental theories, such as relativity, as well as the stability of fundamental constants intrinsic to those theories.

Microwave Atomic Frequency Standards: Review and Recent Developments Classical Atomic Frequency StandardsOther Atomic Microwave Frequency StandardsOn the Limits of Classical Microwave Atomic Frequency StandardsAppendices Recent Advances in Atomic Physics That Have Impact on Atomic Frequency Standards Development Solid-State Diode Laser Control of Wavelength and Spectral Width of Laser DiodesLaser Optical Pumping Coherent Population Trapping Laser Cooling of AtomsAppendix Microwave Frequency Standards Using New Physics Cs Beam Frequency StandardAtomic Fountain ApproachIsotropic Cooling Approach Room Temperature Rb Standard Approach Using Laser Optical PumpingCPT ApproachLaser-Cooled Microwave Ion ClocksAppendices Optical Frequency Standards Early Approach Using Absorption Cells Some Basic Ideas MOT ApproachSingle Ion Optical ClocksOptical Lattice Neutral Atoms ClockFrequency Measurement of Optical Clocks Summary, Conclusion, and Reflections Accuracy and Frequency Stability Selected Applications of Atomic Frequency Standards Last Reflections

Jacques Vanier is an adjunct professor in the Physics Department at the University of Montreal. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the American Physical Society, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. He has written more than 120 journal articles and proceedings papers and is the author of several books on masers, lasers, and atomic clocks. His research work is oriented toward the understanding and application of the quantum electronics phenomena. Cipriana Tomescu is an invited researcher in the Physics Department at the University of Montreal. She is the author of numerous articles in scientific journals and conference proceedings. Her research involves state-of-the-art atomic frequency standards and H masers.