The Politics of Ballot Design How States Shape American Democracy

US federalism grants state legislators the authority to design many aspects of election administration, including ballot features that mediate how citizens understand and engage with the choices available to them when casting their votes. Seemingly innocuous features in the physical design of ballots, such as the option to cast a straight ticket with a single checkmark, can have significant aggregate effects. Drawing on theoretical insights from behavioral economics and extensive data on state ballot laws from 1888 to the present, as well as in-depth case studies, this book shows how strategic politicians use ballot design to influence voting and elections, drawing comparisons across different periods in American history with varying levels of partisanship and contention. Engstrom and Roberts demonstrate the sweeping impact of ballot design on voting, elections, and democratic representation.

1. Introduction; 2. How the ballot 'Nudges' voters; 3. Ballot architecture in the progressive era; 4. The personal vote era, 1940–2000; 5. Ballot architecture in the contemporary partisan era; 6. Reconsidering the American ballot; Bibliography; Index.

Erik J. Engstrom is Professor of Political Science at University of California, Davis. He is the author or co-author of three books–most recently Race, Class, and Social Welfare: American Populism since the New Deal (2020). He was the co-winner of the 2015 J. David Greenstone Prize for best book in Politics and History from the American Political Science Association.
Jason M. Roberts is Professor of Political Science at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is the author or co-author of three books, including The American Congress (2019) and Ambition, Competition, and Electoral Reform (2013).