Surface Wave Methods for Near-Surface Site Characterization

Develop a Greater Understanding of How and Why Surface Wave Testing Works Using examples and case studies directly drawn from the authors’ experience, Surface Wave Methods for Near-Surface Site Characterization addresses both the experimental and theoretical aspects of surface wave propagation in both forward and inverse modeling. This book accents the key facets associated with surface wave testing for near-surface site characterization. It clearly outlines the basic principles, the theoretical framework and the practical implementation of surface wave analysis. In addition, it also describes in detail the equipment and measuring devices, acquisition techniques, signal processing, forward and inverse modeling theories, and testing protocols that form the basis of modern surface wave techniques. Review Examples of Typical Applications for This Geophysical Technique Divided into eight chapters, the book explains surface wave testing principles from data measurement to interpretation. It effectively integrates several examples and case studies illustrating how different ground conditions and geological settings may influence the interpretation of data measurements. The authors accurately describe each phase of testing in addition to the guidelines for correctly performing and interpreting results. They present variants of the test within a consistent framework to facilitate comparisons, and include an in-depth discussion of the uncertainties arising at each stage of surface wave testing. Provides a comprehensive and in-depth treatment of all the steps involved in surface wave testing Discusses surface wave methods and their applications in various geotechnical conditions and geological settings Explains how surface wave measurements can be used to estimate both stiffness and dissipative properties of the ground Addresses the issue of uncertainty, which is often an overlooked problem in surface wave testing Includes examples with comparative analysis using different processing techniques and inversion algorithms Outlines advanced applications of surface wave testing such as joint inversion, underwater investigation, and Love wave analysis Written for geotechnical engineers, engineering seismologists, geophysicists, and researchers, Surface Wave Methods for Near-Surface Site Characterization offers practical guidance, and presents a thorough understanding of the basic concepts.

Overview of surface wave methods Seismic waves Test methodology Historical perspective Challenges of surface wave methods Typical applications Advantages and limitations Linear wave propagation in verticallyinhomogeneous continua Basic notions of wave propagation Rayleigh waves in homogeneous elastic half-spaces Existence of Love waves Surface waves in vertically inhomogeneouselastic continua Surface waves in vertically inhomogeneous, inelastic continua Measurement of surface waves Seismic data acquisition The wave field as a signal in time and space Acquisition of digital seismic signals Acquisition of surface waves Equipment Dispersion analysis Phase and group velocity Steady-state method Spectral analysis of surface waves Multi-offset phase analysis Spatial autocorrelation Transform-based methods Group velocity analysis Errors and uncertainties in dispersion analyses Attenuation analysis Attenuation of surface waves Univariate regression of amplitude versus offset data Transfer function technique and complex wavenumbers Multichannel multimode complex wavenumber estimation Other simplified approaches Uncertainty in the attenuation measurement Inversion Conceptual issues Forward modeling Surface wave inversion by empirical methods Surface wave inversion by analytical methods Uncertainty Case histories Comparison among processing techniques with active-source methods Comparison among inversion strategies Examples for determining Vs and Ds profiles Dealing with higher modes Surface wave inversion of seismic reflection data Advanced surface wave methods Love waves Offshore and nearshore surface wave testing Joint inversion with other geophysical data Passive seismic interferometry Multicomponent surface wave analysis, polarization studies, and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio References Index

Dr. Sebastiano Foti is an associate professor in geotechnical engineering at the Politecnico di Torino, Italy. He has been a research scholar at the Georgia Institute of Technology and a research associate at the University of Western Australia, Perth. His primary interests are in geophysical methods for geotechnical characterization, geotechnical earthquake engineering, and soil–structure interaction. Dr. Carlo G. Lai is an associate professor in geotechnical engineering at the University of Pavia, Italy. He is also the head of the Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Section at EUCENTRE and affiliate faculty at the ROSE School both in Pavia. His primary interests are in modeling of seismic wave propagation in geomaterials, earthquake geotechnics, and engineering seismology. Dr. Glenn J. Rix is a principal with Geosyntec Consultants Inc. in Atlanta, Georgia (USA). Prior to joining Geosyntec in 2013, Dr. Rix was a professor in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His primary interests are in soil dynamics, geotechnical earthquake engineering, and seismic hazard and risk analysis. Dr. Claudio Strobbia is a land processing specialist and seismic processing supervisor with Total in Pau, France. Before joining Total, he was a senior research geophysicist with Schlumberger, stationed in both Cairo, Egypt, and London. He has worked as a researcher for the EUCENTRE in Pavia, and has taught exploration seismology at the University of Milan Bicocca. His primary interests are in wave physics, inverse problems, near-surface geophysics, and seismic processing. Within exploration seismology his main contributions are in noise attenuationand near-surface characterization.