Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Volume 2: Applications of Rock Mechanics - Rock Engineering

The two-volume set Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering is concerned with the application of the principles of mechanics to physical, chemical and electro-magnetic processes in the upper-most layers of the earth and the design and construction of the rock structures associated with civil engineering and exploitation or extraction of natural resources in mining and petroleum engineering. Volume 2, Applications of Rock Mechanics – Rock Engineering, discusses the applications of rock mechanics to engineering structures in/on rock, rock excavation techniques and in-situ monitoring techniques, giving some specific examples. The dynamic aspects associated with the science of earthquakes and their effect on rock structures, and the characteristics of vibrations induced by machinery, blasting and impacts as well as measuring techniques are described. Furthermore, the degradation and maintenance processes in rock engineering are explained. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering is intended to be a fundamental resource for younger generations and newcomers and a reference book for experts specialized in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering and associated with the fields of mining, civil and petroleum engineering, engineering geology, and/or specialized in Geophysics and concerned with earthquake science and engineering.

1 Introduction 2 Applications to surface rock engineering structures 2.1 Cliffs with toe erosion 2.2 The dynamic response and stability of slopes against wedge sliding 2.3 Complex shearing, sliding and buckling failure of an open-pit mine 2.4 Dynamic response of reinforced rock slopes against planar sliding 2.5 Bridge foundations 2.6 Masonry structures 2.7 Reinforcement of dam foundations 2.8 Cylindrical sockets (piles) 3 Applications to underground structures 3.1 Stress concentrations around underground openings 3.2 Dynamic excavation of circular underground openings 3.3 Evaluation of tunnel face effect 3.4 Abandoned room and pillar lignite mines 3.5 Karstic caves 3.6 Stability analyses of tomb of Pharaoh Amenophis III 3.7 Retrofitting of unlined tunnels 3.8 Temperature and stress distributions around an underground opening 3.9 Waterhead distributions around a shallow underground opening 4 Rock mass classifications and their engineering utilization 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Rock Mass Rating (RMR) 4.3 Q-system (rock Tunneling Quality Index) 4.4 Rock Mass Quality Rating (RMQR) 4.5 Geological Strength Index classification 4.6 Denken’s classification and modified Denken’s classification 4.7 Estimations of engineering properties 5 Model testing and photo-elasticity in rock mechanics 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Model testing and similitude law 5.3 Principles and devices of photo-elasticity 5.4 1G models 5.5 Base-friction model test 5.6 Centrifuge tests 5.7 Dynamic shaking table tests 6 Rock excavation techniques 6.1 Blasting 6.2 Machine excavations 6.3 Impact excavation 6.4 Chemical demolition 7 Vibrations and vibration measurement techniques 7.1 Vibration sources 7.2 Vibration measurement devices 7.3 Theory of wave velocity measurement in layered medium 7.4 Vibrations by shock waves for nondestructive testing of rock bolts and rock anchors 8 Degradation of rocks and its effect on rock structures 8.1 Degradation of major common rock-forming minerals by chemical processes 8.2 Degradation by physical/mechanical processes 8.3 Hydrothermal alteration 8.4 Degradation due to surface or underground water flow 8.5 Biodegradation 8.6 Degradation rate measurements 8.7 Needle penetration tests for measuring degradation degree 8.8 Utilization of infrared imaging technique for degradation evaluation 8.9 Degradation assessment of rocks by color measurement technique 8.10 Effect of degradation process on the stability of rock structures 9 Monitoring of rock engineering structures 9.1 Deformation measurements 9.2 Acoustic emission techniques 9.3 Multiparameter monitoring 9.4 Applications of monitoring system 9.5 Principles and applications of drone technology 9.6 Applications to maintenance monitoring 9.7 Monitoring faulting-induced deformations 10 Earthquake science and earthquake engineering 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Earthquake occurrence mechanics 10.3 Causes of earthquakes 10.4 Earthquake-induced waves 10.5 Inference of faulting mechanism of earthquakes 10.6 Characteristics of earthquake faults 10.7 Characterization of earthquakes from fault ruptures 10.8 Strong motions and permanent deformation 10.9 Effects of surface ruptures induced by earthquakes on rock engineering structures 10.10 Response of Horonobe underground research laboratory during the 20 June 2018 Soya region earthquake and 6 September 2018 Iburi earthquake 10.11 Global positioning method for earthquake prediction 10.12 Application to Multi-parameter Monitoring System (MPMS) to earthquakes in Denizli basin

Ömer Aydan was born in 1955, and studied Mining Engineering at the Technical University of Istanbul, Turkey (B.Sc., 1979), Rock Mechanics and Excavation Engineering at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (M.Sc., 1982), and received his Ph.D. in Geotechnical Engineering from Nagoya University, Japan in 1989. Prof. Aydan worked at Nagoya University as a research associate (1987-1991), and then at the Department of Marine Civil Engineering at Tokai University, first as Assistant Professor (1991-1993), then as Associate Professor (1993-2001), and finally as Professor (2001-2010). He then became Professor of the Institute of Oceanic Research and Development at Tokai University, and is currently Professor at the University of Ryukyus, Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. He is also the director of the Disaster Prevention Research Center for Island Region of the University of the Ryukyus. Ömer has played an active role on numerous ISRM, JSCE, JGS, SRI and Rock Mech. National Group of Japan committees, and has organized several national and international symposia and conferences.