River Flow 2012 Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, San Jose, Costa Rica, 5-7 September 2012

Rivers are complex entities. In addition to being valuable wildlife habitats, they support human activities by providing water for human usage, renewable energy and convenient transportation. Rivers may also pose threats to riverine communities, in the form of floods and other natural or man-induced hazards. Contemporary societies recognize their responsibility in ensuring the sustainable use of rivers and in preserving river’s intrinsic ecological and landscape values. This obligation is often in conflict with riverine economic exploitation and with risk management concerns. As a discipline, Fluvial Hydraulics makes a significant contribution to the development of strategies for sustainable river use by providing new modelling tools and engineering techniques based on advances in phenomenological understanding and in computational modelling. River Flow 2012 comprises the Proceedings of the sixth edition of the International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, organized under the auspices of the Committee on Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). The book covers issues such as river hydrodynamics, morphodynamics and sediment transport. Other contributions describe interdisciplinary approaches and experiences, particularly regarding interfacial activities involving environmental sciences and information technologies. River Flow 2012 contains the most recent theoretical accomplishments, numerical developments, experimental investigations and field studies in Fluvial Hydraulics. It is an excellent resource for researchers, civil and environmental engineers, and practitioners in river-related disciplines.

Preface Organization Organizing institutions and sponsor Acknowledgement VOLUME 1 Keynotes Performance review of Jamuna Bridge River training works 1997–2009G.J. Klaassen, H. van Duivendijk & M.H. Sarker Fluvial influence on estuaries and coastal wetlands G.M.E. Perillo Problems and researches on eco-hydraulics and eco-sedimentation Z.-Y.Wang & M. Xu A. River hydrodynamics A.1 Turbulent open channel flow & transport of sediments Numerical investigation of flow structure and shear stress over fixed dunes S. Attar & S.S. Li Similarities and differences of fluvial shallow mixing layers A. Dudill, J.D. Shucksmith &W. Brevis 3D flow structure in a sand bed stream with riparian vegetation S. Gorrick & J.F. Rodríguez Exchanges between river flow and its side basins S. Karimpour Ghannadi &V.H. Chu Computations of unsteady river flows around a bridge pier by shallow multi-level grid model I. Kimura, S. Saito &Y. Shimizu Influence of bluff body wake structure on fish preferred holding locations R.W.J. Lacey & J.L. van Leeuwen Turbulence anisotropy in a compound meandering channel I. Mera, M.J. Franca, J. Anta & E. Peña Visualizing the variation in normality of a turbulent velocity field A. Nichols & S.J. Shepherd Mean flow field around a boulder within a fully submerged boulder array T. Papanicolaou, A.G. Tsakiris & C.M. Kramer Higher-order moments of velocity fluctuations in an open channel flow with mobile bedforms H. Prashanth Reddy, V. Roussinova, R. Balachandar &T. Bolisetti Computations on meandering compound channel flows using 3D URANS model 1R. Shimada, I. Kimura, Y. Shimizu & R. Inoue Bursting and flow kinematics in natural streams A.N. Sukhodolov &V.I. Nikora A.2 Flow resistance & bed roughness Numerical modelling of rapidly varying flow over weir-like obstacles during high water stages S. Ali,W.S.J. Uijttewaal & I. Kimura Shock wave/boundary layer interaction in hydraulic jumps in very large channels M. Ben Meftah, F. De Serio & M. Mossa 2-D numerical modeling of water flow over a gravel bar M. Jaballah, B. Camenen, A. Paquier & M. Jodeau Intense bed-load friction and transport: The effect of concentration V. Matoušek & J. Krupi?cka Integration of a dune roughness model with a large-scale flow model A.J. Paarlberg & R.M.J. Schielen Modelling the influence of macrophyte patches on river flow P. Rameshwaran & P.S. Naden Turbulence characteristics of rough open channel flow subjected to bed injection V. Roussinova & R. Balachandar Simulation of macro resistance in steep mountain stream T.Wang &V.H. Chu Bed form evolution under varying discharges, flume versus field J.J.Warmink, C.M. Dohmen-Janssen & R.M.J. Schielen A.3 Overbank flows & vegetation An experimental study of drag forces acting on flexible plants J. Aberle &A. Dittrich Numerical modelling of overbank flood routing J.B. Abril, M.S. Altinakar &Y. Jia Influence of vegetation on compound-channel turbulent field R. Azevedo, J.B. Leal & L. Rojas-Solórzano Flow in skewed compound channels with rough floodplains D. Bousmar, T. Jacqmin, S.Wyseur & S. Van Emelen LES of flow past a porous cylinder K.S. Chang & G. Constantinescu Vegetated flows: drag force and velocity profiles for foliated plant stands J. Jalonen, J. Järvelä & J. Aberle Turbulent flows in a compound open channel with emergent vegetation Y. Kawahara, F. Jahra & F. Hasegawa Errors in 2-D modelling using a 0th order turbulence closure for compound channel flows F. Linde, A. Paquier, S. Proust &Y. Peltier Energy dissipation of flows in vegetated patches with spatially varying stem density A.M. Ricardo, M.J. Franca, A. Schleiss & R.M.L. Ferreira Modeling of vegetated rivers for inbank and overbank flows K. Shiono, M. Takeda, K. Yang, Y. Sugihara &T. Ishigaki Unsteady flow in natural compound channel: experiment and simulation F.J.M. Simões & P.J. Kinzel Dynamics of turbulent flow along and behind vegetation patches: Field experiments T.A. Sukhodolova &A.N. Sukhodolov Characteristics of local erosion and deposition with a patch of vegetation H. Suk Kim, I. Kimura &Y. Shimizu Propagation of a gravity current in an aquatic canopy: Insights from Large Eddy Simulations A. Yuksel Ozan, G. Constantinescu &T. Tokyay Application of a porous media approach for vegetation flow resistance P. Zinke A.4 Unsteady open channel flow & dambreak Turbulence measurements in dam-break flows R. Aleixo, Y. Zech & S. Soares-Frazão Two-dimensional hydrodynamic dam break simulation on the Camú river, Dominican Republic E. James Nelson & R. Jones Submerged and un-submerged flow through dam breach S. Karimpour Ghannadi &V.H. Chu A.5 Interaction with structures Scour around a variably submerged barb in a gravel bed stream F. Bressan &A.N. Thanos Papanicolaou Hydro- and morphodynamics tracking of the evolution of a culvert-attached scour hole H.-C. Ho, A. Firoozfar & M. Muste Modeling of flood in urban areas with a porosity model: Directional effects M. Velickovic, Y. Zech & S. Soares-Frazão A.6 Diffusion & dispersion process The influence of bed roughness on the dynamics of gravity currents H.I.S. Nogueira, C. Adduce, E. Alves & M.J. FrancaPTV-based detection of chaotic features in groyne field flushing processes M. Zsugyel, K.G. Szabó & J. Józsa B. River morphology & sediment transport B.1 Mechanics of sediment transport A settling velocity parameterization for sand/mud mixture in a 1D flow during a flushing event G. Antoine, M. Jodeau, B. Camenen & M. Esteves Tentative measurements of bedload transport in an energetic alpine gravel bed river B. Camenen, M. Jaballah, T. Geay, P. Belleudy, J.B. Laronne & J.P. Laskowski Experimental study of ripple formation Y. Cui & J.C.Wells Experimental bedload sorting at the particle scale on steep slopes P. Frey &T. Martin Tidal bore: Eulerian velocities and suspended sediment concentration measurements L. Furgerot, D. Mouaze, B. Tessier & J.C. Brun-Cottan Steep flume experiments with large immobile boulders and wide grain size distribution as encountered in alpine torrents T. Ghilardi & A.J. Schleiss Sediment erosion a numerical and experimental study C. Goniva, K. Gruber & C. Kloss Spatio-temporal variability of bedload transport H. Habersack, A. Kreisler, J. Aigner, M. Liedermann & H. Seitz Theoretical basis for Rosgen’s Pagosa good/fair equation D.D. Hinton, R.H. Hotchkiss &T.P. Ballestero Flow induced pressure fluctuations with a gravel bed M. Jaeger & G. Smart Adaptive roughness approach for 2D long-term morphodynamic simulation R. Klar, L. Umach, S. Achleitner & M. Aufleger Influence of depot size on bed load transport velocity over static armour layers Kl. Koll & Ka. Koll A continuous vertical grain sorting model for Telemac & Sisyphe U.H. Merkel & R. Kopmann Bed load movement over a fully developed armor layer – A tracer experiment S. Spiller, N. Rüther, Kl. Koll & Ka. Koll Incipient motion of non-cohesive particles in yield stress fluid flows A. Tamburrino, D. Carrillo & C. Ihle A meso-scale gravel tracer model for gravel-bed rivers M. Tritthart, M. Liedermann & H. Habersack Immobile layer formation due to vertical sorting of immobile grain size fractions A.P. Tuijnder & J.S. Ribberink Particle step length variation along river dunes O.J.M. van Duin, J.S. Ribberink, C.M. Dohmen-Janssen & S.J.M.H. Hulscher Sediment transport models to simulate erosion of overtopped earth-dikes S. Van Emelen, L. Schmocker,W.H. Hager, S. Soares-Frazão &Y. Zech Numerical simulation of sediment transport in open channel flow B. Vowinckel, T. Kempe, J. Fröhlich &V.I. Nikora Adjustment of fully-developed dunes to sudden changes in flow depth J.D.Wiebe &A.M. Ferreira da Silva B.2 River morphology & morphodynamics The meandering Ucayali River, a cyclic a