Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy

The first volume devoted entirely to Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy This valuable book provides an introduction and broad survey of topics in ESEEM spectroscopy, including the theory, instrumentation, peculiarities of ESE experiments, and analysis of experimental data with particular emphasis on orientationally disordered systems. Applications of ESEEM spectroscopy to study chemically and biologically important paramagnetic centers in single crystals, amorphous solids, and powders are discussed as well. Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) Spectroscopy will benefit specialists in magnetic resonance spectroscopy, physicists, chemists, and biologists who use magnetic resonance in their research.

PRINCIPLES of ESE and ESEEM. INTRODUCTION TO ESEEM PHENOMENON. The ESE Method. Vector Model for Echo Formation. Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation. Qualitative ESEEM Models. INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF NUCLEAR ESEEM. General Quantum Mechanical Calculation of Nuclear ESEEM. Midulation Frequencies and Their Amplitudes. ESEEM Resulting from Coupling with Several Nuclei. ESEEM from a Nucleus with I=1/2. ESEEM Due to hfi with a Nucleus of an Arbitrary Spin. ESEEM for a Triplet State. CHARACTERISTICS OF ESEEM EXPERIMENT. Elements of ESE Spectrometers. Dead Time in ESE Spectroscopy. ESE Resonators. Sensitivity and Time Resolution of ESE Spectroscopy. ESEEM Frequency Analysis. Two-Dimensional (2D) ESEEM Spectroscopy. PARAMAGNETIC CENTERS IN SINGLE CRYSTALS. Radicals and Metal Ions in Single Crystals. Triplet States in Single Crystals. ESEEM RESULTING FROM INTERACTIONS OF ELECTRON SPINS. ESEEM SPECTROSCOPY IN ORIENTATIONALLY DISORDERED SYSTEMS. ESEEM FROM I=1/2 NUCLEI IN TIME AND FREQUENCY DOMAINS IN DISORDERED SYSTEMS. ESEEM in Extremely Weak hfi Limit. Numerical Calculations of ESEEM in the Time Domain for Arbitrary hfi Parameters. The Influence of the Spatial Configuration of Nuclei. The Influence of a Spread in the Nuclear Zeeman Frequency. Lineshapes of the Basic Frequencies a(B) in ESEEM Spectra of Disordered Systems. Comparison with ENDOR. Combination Lines in ESEEM Spectra. Change of the ESEEM Spectra in Multifrequency Experiment. The Map of the Lines Maxima of the Basic and Combination Frequencies. Influence of Spectrometer Dead Time on the ESEEM Spectra of Disordered Systems. ESEEM DUE TO I>1 NUCLEI WITH WEAK NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE INTERACTION. ESEEM Due to Weak Hyperfine Interaction with Nucleus of Arbitrary Spin. The Influence of Weak Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction Upon ESEEM Due to Nuclei of Arbitrary Spin. The Influence of the Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction Due to Deuterium Nuclei in Time Domain. Manifestation of Weak Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction in ESEEM Spectra in Disordered Systems. Other Approximate Approaches to Account for Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction in ESEEM. SOME METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ESEEM INDUCED BY NUCLEI WITH I=1/2 AND I>1 FOR WEAK QUADRUPOLE INTERACTION. Linear Extrapolation. Variational Calculations of Modulation Damping. The Nearest Surrounding Structure of Trapped Electrons in a 2-Methyl Tetrahydrofurane Glass. Variational Calculations of Divided Envelopes. Filtering of the Matrix Contribution. ESEEM UNDER PARTIAL EXCITATION OF THE ESR SPECTRUM. Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Partial Excitation. ESEEM Under Partial Excitation with the "2+1" Pulse Sequence. ESEEM IN ORIENTATIONALLY DISORDERED SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF STRONG-NQI (FOR EXAMPLE 14N). A Qualitative Analysis of Possible Modulation Frequencies. Nitrogen ESEEM in Model Systems. The Influence of External Field Strength on Nitrogen ESEEM Spectra Near Cancellation Condition. Orientation Dependence of Nitrogen ESEEM Spectra Near Cancellation Condition. NEW TECHNIQUES IN ESEEM SPECTROSCOPY. Extended-Time Excitation. Soft Pulse ESEEM. Restoration of Broad Hyperfine Lines. Pulsed ESR with Longitudinal Detection. Echo-Detected ESR Spectroscopy with Magnetic Field Vector Jumps. Four- and Five-Pulse ESEEM. TRIPLETS, RADICAL PAIRS, AND BIRADICALS IN DISORDERED SOLIDS. APPLICATIONS OF ESEEM SPECTROSCOPY. PARAMAGNETIC CENTERS IN RIGID MATRICES. Historical Introduction. Ions and Radicals in Frozen Solutions. Atoms in Frozen Solutions. Complexes of Paramagnetic Ions. Nitroxide Radicals in Frozen Solutions. ESEEM IN SYSTEMS WITH HIGH g-FACTOR AND hfi-ANISOTROPY. Orientation Selected ESEES Spectroscopy of Oxovanadium and Copper Complexes. Determination of hfi Tensor from the Dependence of ESEEM Frequencies on External Magnetic Field. PARAMAGNETIC CENTERS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. ESEEM Spectroscopy of Metalloproteins. ESEEM Spectroscopy of Photosynthetic Paramagnetic Centers. PARAMAGNETIC CENTERS IN HETERODENEOUS SYSTEMS. Structure of Some Synthetic Zeolites. Radicals in Synthetic Zeolites. Radicals on Alumina. Adsorption of Nitroxide Solutions on Silica Gels and Zeolites. Copper Ions in Zeolites. Copper Ions on Silica and Alumina. Other Systems. LIST OF BOOKS AND REVIEWS ON ESEEM SPECTROSCOPY.