Digital Microfluidic Biochips Synthesis, Testing, and Reconfiguration Techniques

This book focuses on the automated design of microfluidic-based biochips for large-scale bioassays and safety-critical applications. Digital Microfluidic Biochips describes a new generation of biochips that offer dynamic reconfigurability, system scalability, system integration, and defect and fault tolerance. The authors present a system-level design automation framework that addresses key issues in the design, analysis, and testing of digital microfluidic biochips. Topics include: operation scheduling, resource binding, and module placement; test resource optimization and fault detection while running normal bioassays; and reconfiguration-based techniques designed to increase the yield and dependability of digital microfluidic biochips.

Digital Microfluidic Biochips focuses on the automated design and production of microfluidic-based biochips for large-scale bioassays and safety-critical applications. Bridging areas of electronic design automation with microfluidic biochip research, the authors present a system-level design automation framework that addresses key issues in the design, analysis, and testing of digital microfluidic biochips. The book describes a new generation of microfluidic biochips with more complex designs that offer dynamic reconfigurability, system scalability, system integration, and defect tolerance. Part I describes a unified design methodology that targets design optimization under resource constraints. Part II investigates cost-effective testing techniques for digital microfluidic biochips that include test resource optimization and fault detection while running normal bioassays. Part III focuses on different reconfiguration-based defect tolerance techniques designed to increase the yield and dependability of digital microfluidic biochips. Expanding upon results from ongoing research on CAD for biochips at Duke University, this book presents new design methodologies that address some of the limitations in current full-custom design techniques. Digital Microfluidic Biochips is an essential resource for achieving the integration of microfluidic components in the next generation of system-on-chip and system-in-package designs.

PART I SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES Introduction Technology Issues Digital Microfluidic Biochips Microfluidic Biochip Design Challenges Book Outline Architectural-Level Synthesis Background High-Level Synthesis Methodology Simulation Experiments Module Placement Background Module Placement Problem Fault Tolerance for Digital Microfluidic Biochips Experimental Evaluation Unified Synthesis Methodology Problem Formulation PRSA-Based Algorithm Enhancement for Defect Tolerance Experimental Evaluation Droplet Routing Background Problem Formulation Routing Method Experimental Evaluation PART II TESTING TECHNIQUES Test Methodology Background Classification of Faults Unified Detection Mechanism Parametric Fault Testing Simulation Experimental Setup Test Planning Problem Definition Analysis of Computational Complexity Integer Linear Programming Model for OPP Heuristic Algorithms Simulation Results Concurrent Testing Concurrent Testing Methodology Optimal Scheduling for Concurrent Testing Concurrent Testing Example Defect-Oriented Testing and Diagnosis Fault Modeling Defect-Oriented Experiment Testing and Diagnosis Real-Life Application PART III RECONFIGURATION TECHNIQUES Reconfiguration Schemes Proposed Reconfiguration Schemes Example Evaluation Defect Tolerance Based on Space Redundancy Background Microfluidic Array with Hexagonal Electrodes Defect-Tolerant Designs Estimation of Yield Enhancement Evaluation Example Defect Tolerance Based on Graceful Degradation Tile-Based Architecture Clustered Defect Model Graceful Degradation with Reconfiguration Simulation Results Conclusions and Future Work Contributions of the Book Future Work Bibliography Index