ERNEST E. JENKINS is an instructor of History at the University of South Carolina Lancaster, USA, where he teaches courses in medieval, ancient, and Renaissance history; the craft of research, European civilization, the Crusades, and the Islamic Middle East. He is the author of The Interplay of Financial and Political Conflicts Connected to Toulouse during the Late Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries, Mediterranean Studies 17 (2008): 46-61.
