Routledge Handbook of Cultural Landscape Practice

Cultural landscapes, which in the field of heritage studies and practice relates to caring for and safeguarding heritage landscapes, is a concept embedded in contemporary conservation. Heritage conservation has shifted from an historical focus on buildings, city centres, and archaeological sites to encompass progressively more diverse forms of heritage and increasingly larger geographic areas, embracing both rural and urban landscapes. While the origin of the idea of cultural landscapes can be traced to the late-19th century Euro-American scholarship, it came to global attention after 1992 following its adoption as a category of ‘site’ by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. Today, cultural landscape practice has become increasingly complex given the expansion of the values and meanings of heritage, the influence of environmental challenges such as human induced climate change, technological advancements, and the need to better understand and interpret human connections to place and landscapes. The aim of this handbook is to strike a balance between theory and practice, which we see as inseparable, while also seeking to achieve a geographical spread, disciplinary diversity and perspectives, and a mix of authors from academic, practitioner, management, and community backgrounds.

Introduction Steve Brown and Cari Goetcheus PART 1 CONCEPTS AND ORIGINS 1.1 From sites as materials to landscape as process Steve Brown and Cari Goetcheus 1.2 From preservation to change management and transformation Steve Brown 1.3 From culture and nature as separate to interconnected naturecultures Steve Brown 1.4 From difficult dualisms to entangled complexity Steve Brown PART 2 DOCTRINE AND REGIONAL APPROACHES 2.1Doctrinaltextsand regional approaches Cari Goetcheus 2.2 Cultural landscapes in the polar regions Susan Barr and Michael Pearson 2.3 Russian cultural landscape policy and practice Nargiz Aituganova 2.4 A Southern African cultural landscape approach: The Stellenbosch heritage inventory Liana Jansen and Marike Franklin 2.5 The legal and legislative framework of the cultural landscapes of North Africa and Southwest Asia Andrew Burton Anderson and Michal Wosinski 2.6 A critique on policies related to cultural landscapes in India Nupur Prothi Khanna and Amit Bhattacharya 2.7 Cultural Landscapes in Northeast Asia Roland Chih-Hung Lin, Akane Nakamura, and Chunyan Zhang 2.8 Central Asian cultural landscapes: Practices and policies Ona Vileikis and Dmitriy Voyakin 2.9 Cultural Landscapes in Southeast Asia Roland Chih-Hung Lin, Montira Horayangura Unakul, and Moe Chiba 2.10 Australian cultural landscape approaches Caitlin Allen 2.11 Europe and its landscape convention Graham Fairclough 2.12 Cultural landscapes in Latin America and the Caribbean Cesar Augusto Velandia Silva, Luis Ignacio Gómez Arriola, Isabel Rigol Savio, Diana Marcela Cifuentes Monsalve, and Virginia Lucrecia Laboranti 2.13 Cultural landscape policy and practice in Canada John E.Zvonar 2.14 United States: Cultural landscape policy and practice Cari Goetcheus PART 3 FRAMING CULTURAL LANDSCAPE PRACTICE 3.1 Cultural landscapes: Toward an integrated management framework Steve Brown 3.2 Identifying cultural landscapes: The Indigenous cultural landscape of Taputapuatea and the historic goldmining landscape of central Victoria Anita Smith and Susan Lawrence 3.3 Documenting cultural landscapes Liz Sargent 3.4 Assessing the heritage significance of landscapes: some reflections from Australia Kristal Buckley 3.5 Social value: Identifying, documenting, assessing community connections Chris Johnston 3.6 A legal framework for cultural landscape protection utilising the United States as an example James K. Reap and Eve Errikson 3.7 Stewardship of cultural landscapes: management and governance Jessica Brown and Nora Mitchell 3.8 Presenting cultural landscapes: Getting to the truth of ourselves? Sharon Veale PART 4 CASE STUDIES 4.1 Case studies: learning by doing Steve Brown 4.2 Cultural landscapes in outer space Alice Gorman 4.3 Cultural heritage, cultural landscape: Protecting the SOUL of Aotearoa, New Zealand Nicola Short and Diane Menzies 4.4 Mangyol village, Yap: A Micronesian social landscape Anita Smith 4.5 Culture, contingency and queerness in a reclaimed landscape Denis Byrne 4.6 Pastoral cultural landscapes, working the country for stock grazing: An Australian case study Jane Lennon 4.7 Aquaculture: Budj Bim Cultural Landscape, Australia Steve Brown, Anita Smith, and Denis Rose 4.8 Joseon iterati’s garden as a nature-friendly and place-oriented cultural landscape of Korea Jongsang Sung 4.9 Community participation in heritage conservation: Longan cultural landscape, Taiwan Chun-Hsi Wang 4.10 West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou: 'Oriental lake with cultural meanings’ Rouran Zhang 4.11 ‘The First Celestial Mountain in the World’: Wudang Mountains Scenic and Historic Interest Area, China Feng Han and Chen Yang 4.12 Conceptualising spiritscapes: The Petroglyphic Complexes of the Mongolian Altai World Heritage site and the wider biocultural landscape Bas Verschuuren 4.13 A landscape approach to reviving traditional water systems in a historic town in India Nupur Prothi Khanna 4.14 Constructed emptiness: The Namib Desert as terra nullius 1786-2018 Jill Kinahan and John Kinahan 4.15 Urban landscape as ecosystem: Berlin John Schofield 4.16 The Burren, Ireland: Land of paradox Brendan Dunford 4.17 The Pico and Santa Maria vineyards: ‘heroic viticulture’ in The Azores Isabel Albergaria and David Jacques 4.18 Registers of transience: Heritage and urban change Flavia Kiperman 4.19 Chinampa: A Mesoamerican–prehispanic cultivation system of Xochimilco, Mexico Saúl Alcántara Onofre PART 5 CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 5.1 Visualising heritage landscapes in future: aesthetics, embodiment, and meaning Celmara Pocock 5.2 Cultural landscapes: Tackling the challenges of climate change Robert Z. Melnick 5.3 Digital technologies in heritage practice Stuart Jeffrey 5.4 Sustainability, landscape, and heritage futures Ege Yildirim 5.5 Challenges, opportunities, and future directions: Conflict and resolution Brian I. Daniels and Katharyn Hanson 5.6 Changing economies, changing politics: A perspective from the United Kingdom Colin Price

Steve Brown is an archaeologist, a critical heritage scholar, and heritage practitioner. He is a senior research fellow at the University of Canberra, Australia, a specialist adviser with GML Heritage, and a past president of the ICOMOS-IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural Landscapes. Cari Goetcheus is a landscape architect, heritage scholar, and practitioner. She is a professor in the graduate Historic Preservation program, College of Environment + Design (CED) at the University of Georgia (UGA), United States of America, Director of the UGA CED Cultural Landscape Lab, and a member of the ICOMOS-IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural Landscapes.