Concrete Solutions 2014 Proceedings of Concrete Solutions, 5th International Conference on Concrete Repair, Belfast, Northern Ireland, 1-3 September 2014

The Concrete Solutions series of International Conferences on Concrete Repair began in 2003 with a conference held in St. Malo, France in association with INSA Rennes. Subsequent conferences have seen us partnering with the University of Padua in 2009 and with TU Dresden in 2011. This conference is being held for the first time in the UK, in association with Queen’s University Belfast and brings together delegates from 36 countries to discuss the latest advances and technologies in concrete repair. Earlier conferences were dominated by electrochemical repair, but there has been an interesting shift to more unusual methods, such as bacterial repair of concrete plus an increased focus on service life design aspects and modelling, with debate and discussion on the best techniques and the validity of existing methods. Repair of heritage structures is also growing in importance and a number of the papers have focused on the importance of getting this right, so that we may preserve our rich cultural heritage of historic structures. This book is an essential reference work for those working in the concrete repair field, from Engineers to Architects and from Students to Clients.

Preface About the editors Keynote papers Design for concrete durability: From deemed-to-satisfy to dreamed-to-satisfy J. Gulikers Turkey’s grand challenge: Disaster-proof building inventory within 20 years O. Gunes Managing post-tensioned bridges – better than before D. Pearson-Kirk Patch and crack repair Two-stage concrete as a repair method H.S. Abdelgader & A.S. El-Baden Self-healing behavior of concrete cracks C. Baer?a, H. Szilagyi, M. P?astrav & A. Mircea Concrete repair bond: Evaluation and factors of influence B. Bissonnette, L. Courard, A. Garbacz, A.M. Vaysburd & K.F. von Fay Ureolysis and denitrification based microbial strategies for self-healing concrete Y.C. Ersan, J.Y.Wang, N. Boon & N. De Belie Self-healing of dynamic concrete cracks using polymer precursors as encapsulated healing agents J. Feiteira, E. Gruyaert & N. De Belie Patch repair: Compatibility issues A. Garbacz, L. Courard, B. Bissonnette,W. Glodkowska & A. Vaysburd Properties of alkali-activated fly ash/slag repair mortars N. Ghafoori & M. Najimi Corrosion behavior of steel bars in reinforced concrete slabs repaired by partial patching E. Kato, Y. Kawabata & M. Iwanami Formulation of a repair mortar based on dune sand and natural microfibers B. Krobba, M. Bouhicha, A. Zaidi & M.F. Lakhdari Alternative repair system for concrete using microencapsulated healing agents C. Litina, A. Kanellopoulos & A. Al-Tabbaa Towards cost efficient bacteria based self-healing marine concrete D. Palin, V.Wiktor & H.M. Jonkers A proposal on repair methods for freeze-thaw damaged concrete with least re-deterioration A. Satoh, K. Shinya, K. Tashiro & K. Rokugo Self-compacting repair mortars according to BS EN 1504-3 N. Strompinis, K.K. Sideris, V.-Z. Douros, I. Vitsios & I. Zervos Can self-repair of concrete cracks help to obtain durable concrete? K. Van Tittelboom, M. Maes & N. De Belie Influencing factors affecting microbial metabolic processes of bio materials used for leakage repairs I. Ujike, F. Kubo, K. Kawaai & S. Okazaki Field performance of bacteria-based repair system: Pilot study in a parking garage V.Wiktor & H.M. Jonkers Study on the preparation of polymer modified mortar and its application on the rapid repair of a ballastless track Z. Yi, H. Li, Y. Tan, H. Jin & Y. Xie Electrochemical repair Field experience of remote monitored and controlled CP systems C. Atkins, R. Brueckner, P. Lambert & M. Bennett The impact of the interruption of impressed current cathodic protection on the steel/concrete interface S. Bhuiyan, D. Law & T. Molyneux Cathodic protection for the remediation of swimming pools R. Brueckner, D. Wright, C. Atkins & P. Lambert Site performance of galvanic anodes in concrete repairs C. Christodoulou, C.I. Goodier & S.A. Austin Anode performance: The use of ballasted mixed metal oxide coated titanium anodes in impressed current systems installed within historic steel frame masonry clad structures P. Chess, G. Crevello & P. Noyce Cathodic protection of steel in concrete – experiences on parking garages in Germany H. Esteves, S. Mayer & R. Stöcklein Issues using potential decay techniques to assess a cathodic protection system of steel in concrete caused by macrocell corrosion R. Giorgini Numerical simulation of the current and potential distribution of surface applied CP-anode systems C. Helm & M. Raupach A novel assessment of the electrochemical lithium impregnation treatment used to mitigate alkali-silica reaction in concrete J. Lizarazo-Marriaga, J. Lozano, J. Silva, L. Fonseca, G. Hermida & P. Claisse Experience and recent innovations in cathodic protection of steel in concrete R.B. Polder & W.H.A. Peelen Durability aspects of electrochemical realkalisation treatment E. Redaelli & L. Bertolini Maintenance and repair of steel reinforced concrete structures by simultaneous galvanic corrosion protection and chloride extraction W. Schwarz, F. Müllner & A. van den Hondel Extending residual service life of steel reinforced structures by the use of galvanic anodes G. Sergi & A.M.G. Seneviratne Study on lithium migration for electrochemical treatment of concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction L.M.S. Souza, O. Çopuroglu & R.B. Polder Evaluation of electrochemical repair effects using near-infrared spectroscopic technique T. Ueda, Y. Hamada, M. Kohri & A. Nanasawa Strengthening materials and techniques/Repair with composites State-of-the-art review on FRP strengthened concrete columns K. Abdelrahman & R. El-Hacha Strengthening of concrete ground floors in industrial halls – a case study 261G. Dmochowski & P. Berkowski Experimental evaluation of RC beams defected in both concrete strength and steel reinforcement and retrofitted by fiber reinforced polymers T.M. Elrakib Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with prestressed externally bonded CFRP sheets M. Hadiseraji & R. El-Hacha Experimental study concerning the material behavior of CFRP confined plain and reinforced concrete K. Holschemacher & S. Käseberg Proposal of a material model for FRP confined, circular, short concrete columns with and without internal reinforcement S. Kaeseberg & K. Holschemacher Behaviour of ferrocement jacketed cylindrical concrete specimens under compression A.B.M.A. Kaish, M. Jamil, S.N. Raman & M.F.M. Zain Strains in CFRP – strengthened reinforced concrete beams M. Kaminski & E. Kusa Rehabilitation of concrete beams pre-failed in shear using near-surface-mounted composite strips T.A. El-Maaddawy Flexural strengthening for R.C. beams using CFRP sheets with different bonding schemes A.M. Morsy, K.M. Helmy, N.H. El-Ashkar & M. Nada Nonlinear finite element modeling of reinforced concrete beams in shear – strengthened with near surface mounted laminates A.M. Morsy, N.H. El-Ashkar & I.S. Mattar Ductility of FRP reinforced RC structures: A critical review of definition and expressions F. Oudah & R. El-Hacha Cracking in polymer concrete pipes-comparison of exact events in a pipe jacking project and numerical 3D modeling analyses K. Pakiman, A. Jenabi, P.S. Sanjari & B. Mohammadi Effect of thermal cycling on the behaviour of CFRP-to-concrete joints D. Petkova, T. Donchev & A. Jawad Retrofitting of RC panels subjected to blast effects using elastomeric polymer coatings S.N. Raman, M. Jamil, T. Ngo, P. Mendis & T. Pham Modeling of continuous composite girders partially reinforced with CFRP A. Sharif & M. Samaaneh Experimental study on shear strengthening of R.C. beams using FRP repair techniques M.S. Tughar Response of 4×4 bays, 15 storey RC building frames with and without external steel bracings and internal steel bracings A.S.V. Venkatesh, B.M.R. Apoorva & C.G. Narayana Surface protection methods and materials Performance of silane impregnants for the protection of reinforced concrete C. Christodoulou, H. Tiplady, C.I. Goodier & S.A. Austin Effect of silicate-based surface penetrant on concrete durability Y. Kato & N. Someya Hybrid surface protection repair system using UHP-SHCC for concrete structures – from design to application M. Kunieda The impact of curing compounds on the leaching from concrete D.W. Law & S. Setunge Determination of chloride ion diffusion coefficient in outer layer of concrete with silicate-type surface penetrant S. Miyazato & D. Kuroiwa Performance of concretes with surface treatment based on silicate solutions (liquid glass) S. Monosi & M.L. Ruello Design of a cementitious coating system for corrosion protection: Phase 1 binder materials selection G. Nery, H. Hüsken & H.-C. Kühne Microstructural and permeability changes due to accelerated Ca leaching in ammonium nitrate solution Q.T. Phung, N. Maes, D. Jacques, G. De Schutter & G. Ye Efficiency of materials used for repair measures of concrete structures exposed to chlorides A. Rahimi, T. Reschke, A

Micheael Grantham, P A Muhammed Basheer, Bryan Magee, Marios Soutsos