This volume questions the basic assumption that men's history speaks and has always spoken for all of us, by exploring the story of classical antiquity as an explicitly masculine story. "When Men Were Men" examines a wide range of periods, places and topics, including gender differentiation in ancient Greece, the "machismo" of the Athenian Empire, and the masculinity of its king. Extending to later periods to discuss the male body in Roman Egypt, masculinity and male social roles in Roman Boiota, the book finally examines masculinity and power in Republican and Imperial Rome. Lin Foxhall and John Salmon employ a variety of critical approaches and methodologies to focus on a broad range of source materials illuminating the views of men in the Greek and Roman world.