Water at Interfaces A Molecular Approach

Water, with its simple molecular structure, reveals a complex nature upon interaction with other molecules and surfaces. Water at Interfaces: A Molecular Approach provides a broad, multidisciplinary introduction to water at interfaces, focusing on its molecular characteristics. The book considers interfaces at different length scales from single water molecules to involvement of large numbers of water molecules, and from one-dimensional to three-dimensional interfaces. It begins with individual water molecules, describing their basic properties and the fundamental concepts that form the basis of this book.The text explores the main interfaces involving pure and ion-free condensed (liquid and solid) water, including water vapor/liquid water, liquid/oil, and liquid/solid interfaces. It examines water molecules on ideal surfaces—well-ordered (crystalline) and defect-free—covering topics such as electronic structure using frontier orbitals and substrate-induced structuring. The book discusses the affinity of water to surfaces, hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, emphasizing two extreme cases of affinity. It then addresses real solid surfaces where water/solid interfaces play a key role in actual working conditions, examining water purification, photocatalytic activity, corrosion and degradation, and atmospheric agents.The final chapter deals with the interaction of water with the heterogeneous and complex surfaces of biomolecules, which can both influence the structure of the surrounding water and be modulated by the surrounding liquid. The author discusses simple to more complex biomolecules from peptides to proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes.

An Introduction to WaterWhere Does Water Come From?Molecular Structure of Isolated Water MoleculesHydrogen Bonding Off: van der Waals InteractionsHydrogen Bonding On: Condensed WaterElixir of LifeSummaryInterfaces of Condensed Pure WaterLiquid WaterSolid WaterSummaryWater on Ideal Solid SurfacesSingle Water Molecules and ClustersSubstrate-Induced Structuring of Mono- and BilayersSubstrate-Induced Structuring of Water MultilayersConfined WaterWhen Ions Come on the SceneSummaryHydrophobicity and HydrophilicityWetting and Contact AngleHydrophobicity at Different Length ScalesAmphiphilicityThe Role of DipolesSummaryWater on Real Solid SurfacesWater PurificationWater SplittingAtmospheric AgentsCapillary AdhesionWater Desorption in Vacuum SystemsSummaryWater/Biomolecule InterfacesIs Water a Biomolecule?ProteinsNucleic Acids and DNABiological MembranesSummaryAppendix A Buoyancy and Surface TensionAppendix B Capillary ForcesAppendix C Marangoni–Bénard PatternsIndex

Jordi Fraxedas obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Stuttgart, Germany. His thesis work was performed at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research under the supervision of Prof. M. Cardona. After a post-doctoral position at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble (France) and an established researcher position at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) in Geneva (Switzerland), he joined the Solid State Research Institute of Barcelona of the Spanish Research Council in 1995. He is now leading the Force Probe Microscopy and Surface Nanoengineering Group at the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Bellaterra (Barcelona). His research activity is focused on interfacial phenomena arising from the nanostructuration of surfaces and from the interaction of molecules with surfaces. He has co-authored more than 100 peer-reviewed scientific articles and published the book entitled Molecular Organic Materials: From Molecules to Crystalline Solids (Cambridge University Press, 2006).