Waste-to-Energy Technologies and Global Applications

Through Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technology, plants use waste as a renewable fuel to co-produce electricity, heating, and cooling for urban utilization. This professional book presents the latest developments in WtE technologies and their global applications. The first part of the book covers thermal treatment technologies, including combustion, novel gasification, plasma gasification, and pyrolysis. It then examines 35 real-world WtE case studies from around the world, analyzing technical information behind planning, execution, goals, and national strategies. Results through the years show the benefits of the technology through the life cycle of the products. The book also examines financial and environmental aspects.

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General 1.2 Advancing Sustainable Wate Management Worldwide 1.3 Thermal Treatment Technologies Used Globally 1.4 Materials That Can Be Processed by Grate Combustion 1.5 Grate Combustion and Gasification Technologies in Japan 1.6 The Earth Engineering Center and the Global WtERT Council (GWC) 1.7 Mission of the WrERT Council 1.8 Waste-to-Energy Role in Advancing Sustainable Waste Management 1.9 References 2 Legislation 2.1 Waste-to-Energy's Role in EU Energy Policy and Circular Economy 2.2 Emission Levels in Waste-to-Energy Flue Gases 2.3 Waste-to-Energy as an Integral Part of the Sustainable Waste Management Worldwide 2.4 Waste-to-Energy Technology as a Renewable Energy Source 2.5 References 3Waste-to-Energy Technologies 3.1 Combustion 3.1.1 Introduction 3.1.2 Plant layout 3.1.3 Reception 3.1.4 Combustion Chamber 3.1.5 Boiler 3.1.6 Steam turbine – Condenser 3.1.7 Tele-heating – Electrical System 3.1.8 Bottom Ash 3.1.9 APC – Fly Ash 3.1.10 Stack 3.1.11 Results – R1 3.1.12 References 3.2 Alternative thermal treatment technologies 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Pyrolysis 3.2.3 Gasification and Plasma Gasification 3.2.4 The JFE Direct Melting Process 3.2.5 The Energos Grate Combustion and Gasification Process 3.2.6 The Ebara Fluidized Bed Process 3.2.7 The Thermoselect Gasification and Melting Process 3.2.8 Plasma-Assisted Gasification WtE Processes 3.2.9 Application of Various WtE Processes in Japan 3.2.10 Technical Visit in an Alternative WtE Process Plant 3.2.11 References 4 Waste-to-Energy in Europe 4.1 Spain 4.1.1 TERSA WtE Plant in Barcelona 4.1.2 The Mataro WtE Plant (Maresme Integrated Waste Management Center) 4.2 Italy 4.2.1 Torino WtE Plant 4.2.2 Piacenza WtE Plant 4.2.3 Brescia WtE Plant 4.2.4 Naples ACERRA WtE Plant 4.3 Poland 4.3.1 Poznan WtE Plant 4.4 Norway 4.4.1 The Klemetsrud Plant, Oslo 4.5 Denmark 4.5.1 Kara / Noveren WtE Plant 4.6 Portugal 4.6.1 Lipor Integrated Waste Management System 4.6.2 Valorsul Waste-to-Energy Plant 4.7 France 4.7.1 Oreade – La Havre 4.7.2 Creteil 4.8 Germany 4.8.1 MVB Waste-to-Energy Plants and AVG Hazardous Waste-to-Energy Plant, Hamburg 4.9 Austria 4.9.1 Arnoldstein WtE Plant 4.9.2 Spittelau WtE Plant 4.10 Finland 4.10.1 Vaasa Westenergy WtE Plant 4.11 United Kingdom 4.11.1 Isle of Man WtE Plant 4.12 Ireland 4.12.1 Meath WtE Plant 4.13 Belgium 4.13.1 ISVAG WtE Plant 4.14 Russia 4.14.1 EVN Waste-to-Energy Plant 4.15 The Netherlands 4.15.1 Alkmaar WtE Plant 4.16 References 5 Waste-to-Energy in the Americas 5.1 United States of America 5.1.1 New Jersey – Union County 5.1.2 West Palm Beach, Florida 5.2 Canada 5.2.1 Durham York Energy Center (DYEC) 5.3 Brazil 5.4 Cuba 5.4.1 Special Conference Events in Cuba 5.4.2 Technical Visit 5.5 References 6 Waste-to-Energy in Asia 6.1 China 6.1.1 Suzhou Everbright State Venus Industry Demonstration Park in Suzhou City 6.1.2 Gao-An-Tun WtE Plant in Beijing 6.1.3 Shanghai Pucheng Thermal Power Energy Co., Ltd, Pudong Yuqiao Waste to Energy Plant 6.1.4 Chongqing Sanfeng Covanta Waste-to-Energy Plant 6.2 Azerbaijan 6.2.1 Baku Waste-to-Energy 6.3 India 6.3.1 Jabalpur WtE Plant 6.4 Indonesia 6.5 References 7 Waste-toEnergy in Africa 7.1 Ethiopia 7.1.1 Joint European and African Research and Innovation Agenda – Addis Ababa Meeting 7.1.2 Joint European and African Research and Innovation Agenda – Brussels Meeting 7.1.3 The KOSHE WtE Project, at Reppie, Addis Ababa 7.2 References 8Environmental Impact of Waste-to-Energy 8.1 Air Pollution 8.1.1 Emissions 8.1.2 PCDD/Fs, Dioxins 8.1.3 NOx 8.1.4 Contribution of the Emissions of WtE to Air Pollution 8.1.5 Conclusion 8.2 Residues 8.2.1 Bottom Ash 8.2.2 Treatment Technology 8.3 Rnvironmental Comparison of WtE With Landfill and Recycling 8.4 conclusions 8.5 references 9Waste-to-Energy Investement Evaluation(WtE Tool) 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Financial Model 9.2.1 Revenues 9.2.2 Operational Expenses (OPEX) 9.2.3 Capital Expense (CAPEX) 9.2.4 Project Valuation 9.3 Types of Contracts – Financing 9.4 Waste-to-Energy Tool 9.5 References

Dr. Efstratios Kalogirou is the co-founder and first Chair of Waste to Energy Research & Technology Council/WTERT Greece (Synergia, www.wtert.gr) and also the first Vice-Chair of Global WTERT Council, headquartered in the Earth Engineering Center of Columbia University (www.wtert.org). He is a permanent member of the ISWA Working Group on Energy Recovery (ISWA-WGER, www.iswa.org). He graduated from the Department of Chemical Engineering at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece and has a Ph.D. from the National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering. He is an international expert on waste management, specialized in state-of-the-art waste to energy (WTE) novel technologies. His major scientific fields are energy from waste, potable water resources, and ozone sterilization technologies. He is involved in many environmental projects worldwide (especially in WTE feasibility studies, preliminary studies, etc.). He is author of many scientific and technical papers, especially in WTE, and coordinates worldwide intensive courses/seminars on advancing state-of-the-art sustainable waste management and WTE as a renewable energy source contributing to green development and carbon credits, in close cooperation with policy/decision makers, local governmental authorities, and local industry and universities. Email : ozone.greece@gmail.com