Tribal Development Report Human Development and Governance

This book sheds light on the status of tribal communities in Central India with respect to governance, human development, gender, health, education, arts, and culture. Written by noted academics, thematic experts, and activists, this first-of-its-kind report by the Bharat Rural Livelihoods Foundation brings together case studies, archival research, and exhaustive data on key facets of the lives of Adivasis, the various programmes meant for their development, and the policy and systems challenges, to build a better understanding of the Adivasi predicament. This volume, Discusses the human development challenges faced by the Adivasis in India, covering the dismal state of health, education, and nutrition in Adivasi regions; Explores key issues related to gender and development in an Adivasi context, the impact of the loss of common lands and forests on their traditional economic roles; Presents the progress made thus far in implementing PESA and FRA; Examines the current state of 'Denotified Tribes' in India, the policy response of the state post-independence, and the abrogation of the act, and discusses the immediate need for recognition of their political rights; Highlights the importance of recognising, developing, and preserving Adivasi arts, music, dance, crafts, language and literature, and knowledge systems. Companion to Tribal Development Report: Livelihoods, this book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of indigenous studies, development studies, and South Asian studies.

Introduction Mihir Shah and P.S. Vijayshankar PART I: Human Development and Governance 1. Gender Issues Including Gender-based Violence, among Scheduled Tribes Madhu Sarin and Shankar Gopalakrishnan 2. Forests, People, and their Hopes: PESA and FRA and Overview Ajay Dandekar and Sayantani Satpathi 3. Health of Tribal People in Central India Hanumappa Sudarshan and Tanya Seshadri 4. Hunger and Malnutrition amongst Adivasis Dipa Sinha 5. Educational Situation of Scheduled Tribe in India: With a Focus on Schedule V Areas and West Bengal Vimala Ramachandran 6. The Children of Lesser Gods: The Tragedy of Denotified Tribes Today Ajay Dandekar PART II: Arts, Crafts, and Languages 7. A Status Report of the Tribal Arts within the Central Indian Tribal Belt Sudeshna Guha 8. Adivasi Knowledge, Language, and Literature G. N. Devy

Mihir Shah has co-founded the Samaj Pragati Sahayog in 1990 and has spent the past three decades living and working in remote, central tribal India, forging a new paradigm of inclusive and sustainable development. From 2009 to 2014, he was Member, Planning Commission, Government of India, chiefly responsible for drafting the paradigm shift in water enunciated in the 12th Five-Year Plan, as also a makeover of MGNREGA, with a renewed emphasis on rural livelihoods, based on construction of productive assets. In 2019, the Government of India invited him to chair a Committee to draft the new National Water Policy. P.S. Vijayshankar is co-founder of Samaj Pragati Sahayog, one of the largest civil society initiatives in water and agriculture based in Central India. He has lived and worked among the tribal communities for over 30 years. He was a Visiting Scholar at the Centre for Advanced Study of India (CASI), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, (2011) and is currently Adjunct Faculty at Centre for Public Affairs and Critical Theory (C-PACT), Shiv Nadar University, Delhi. He is the Founding Director of Nature Positive Farming and Wholesome Foods Foundation (N+3F), a company engaged in the promotion of sustainable agriculture. Bharat Rural Livelihoods Foundation (BRLF: http://brlf.in) was set up by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, as an independent society with the aim of upscaling civil society action in partnership with government, with a focus on the Central Indian tribal region. Together with its civil society partners and several state governments, BRLF is working with hundreds of thousands of, mostly tribal, households, to eliminate poverty and deprivation, develop climate resilient sustainable livelihoods, create empowered community institutions led by women, and build capacities and tribal leadership at the grassroots. This Tribal Development Report has been anchored by BRLF’s research vertical.