The Mongol World

Drawing upon research carried out in several different languages and across a variety of disciplines, The Mongol World documents how Mongol rule shaped the trajectory of Eurasian history from Central Europe to the Korean Peninsula, from the thirteenth century to the fifteenth century. Contributing authors consider how intercontinental environmental, economic, and intellectual trends affected the Empire as a whole and, where appropriate, situate regional political, social, and religious shifts within the context of the broader Mongol Empire. Issues pertaining to the Mongols and their role within the societies that they conquered therefore take precedence over the historical narrative of the societies that they conquered. Alongside the formation, conquests, administration, and political structure of the Mongol Empire, the second section examines archaeology and art history, family and royal households, science and exploration, and religion, which provides greater insight into the social history of the Empire --an aspect often neglected by traditional dynastic and political histories. With 58 chapters written by both senior and early-career scholars, the volume is an essential resource for all students and scholars who study the Mongol Empire from its origins to its disintegration and legacy.

Introduction Michael Hope and Timothy May SECTION 1:CONQUEST AND STATE FORMATION Section 1 Introduction: Conquestand State Formation Michael Hope and Timothy May Part 1: Chinggis Khanand State Formation 1. Mongolia Before Chinggis Khan Isenbike Togan 2. The Rise of Chinggis Khan Timothy May 3. The Early Mongol State Isenbike Togan Part 2: The Mongol Conquests 4. The Mongol Conquest of Xi Xia David Curtis Wright 5. The Mongol Conquest of the Jin Empire, 1211-1234 David Curtis Wright 6. The Mongol Conquest of the Song Empire, 1234-1279 David Curtis Wright 7. The Conquest of Qara Khitai and Western Siberia Timothy May 8. Conquest of the Dasht-i Qipchaq Timothy May 9. The Mongol Conquest of Rus’ Alexander V. Maiorov 10. The Mongol Invasions of Europe Stephan Pow 11. The Mongol Conquest of Iran Beatrice Forbes Manz 12. The Mongol Conquest of Transcaucasia John Lathan-Sprinkle 13. The Mongol Conquest of the Near East Timothy May Part 3: The Mongol Successor States 14. The Jochid Ulus Roman Hautala 15. The Yuan Empire Xiaolin Ma 16. The Ilkhanate George Lane 17. The Middle Empire Michael Hope Part 4: Administration and Political Structure 18. The Yasa Denise Aigle 19. Jarqu and Jarquchin Florence Houdous 20. Daughters, Consort Families, and the Military Anne F. Broadbridge 21. Mongol State Formation and Imperial Transformation Lhamsuren Munkh-Erdene 22. The Keshig Michael Hope 23. The Jam System Hosung Shim SECTION 2: THESOCIAL HISTORY OF THE MONGOL EMPIRE Section 2 Introduction Michael Hope and Timothy May Part 5: Family and Royal Households 24. Consort Families in the Successor States Anne F. Broadbridge 25. Elite Women in the Mongol Empire Bruno De Nicola Part 6: Finance, Trade,and Economy 26. Mongol Monetary Trends Judith Kolbas 27. Maritime Silk Road: The Mongolsand the Indian Ocean Paul D. Buell 28. Taxation in the Jochid Ulus István Vásáry 29. Overland Trade in the Mongol World Colleen C. Ho Part 7: Archaeology and Art History 30. The Archaeology of the Mongol Empire Ulambayar Erdenebat, Jargalan Burentogtokh,and William Honeychurch 31. The Art History and Material Culture of the Yuan Empire Shane McCausland 32. The Visual World of the Ilkhanids and Chaghadaids Sheila Blair 33. Archaeology and the Material Culture of the Ulus Jochi (Golden Horde) Daniel C. Waugh Part 8: Religion 34. Shamans at the Court of the Qa’an Dashdondog BAYARSAIKHAN 35. Nestorian Christianity Among the Mongols Dashdondog BAYARSAIKHAN 36. The Islamization of the Mongols Ishayahu Landa 37. Daoism in the Mongol Empire Jesse Sloane 38. Confucianism in the Mongol Empire Jesse Sloane 39. Buddhism in the Mongol Empire Brian Baumann 40. Judaism and the Mongol Empire Na’ama O. Arom Part 9: Science & Exploration 41. Arabic Medicine in China and in the Mongol World Paul D. Buell 42. Mapping & Exploration Hyunhee Park SECTION 3: THE MONGOLS IN WORLD HISTORY Section 3 Introduction Michael Hopeand Timothy May Part 10: The Mongols in the Eyes of the Conquered 43. Yuan Chinese Attitudes Towards the Mongols Morris Rossabi 44. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Armenians Dashdondog BAYARSAIKHAN 45. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Koryo People Lee Kang Hahn 46. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Uyghurs Michael C. Brose 47. From Brutes to Bodhisattvas: The Mongols in Tibetan Sources Soyoung Choi 48. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Iranians Michael Hope 49. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Rus’ Donald Ostrowski 50. The Mongols in the Eyes of the Papal & Royal Missions to Mongolia and China (c. 1245-1370) Antti Ruotsala Part 11: Beyond the Borders of the Mongol Empire 51. Mongols in the Mamluk Sultanate Josephine van den Bent 52. The Outer Limits of Steppe Power: Mongol Excursions in Southeast Asia James A. Anderson 53. The Mongols in South Asia Michael Hope 54. The Mongol Invasions of Japan and Their Legacy Li Narangoa Part 12: The Mongol Legacy 55. The Chinggisid Legacy in the Middle East Patrick Wing 56. Timur’s Empire Evrim Binbas 57. Rescuing Legitimate Narrative by Re-imaging Qubilai Qa’an Yihao Qiu 58. The Legacy of the Mongol Empire in Mongolia Ippei Shimamura

Timothy May (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison) is Professor of Central Eurasian History at the University of North Georgia and serves as Associate Dean of Arts & Letters. A scholar of the Mongol Empire, he focuses on Mongol military history and strategy. He is the author of The Mongol Art of War (2007), The Mongol Conquests in World History (2012), The Mongol Empire (2018), The Mongols (2019), and Simply Chinggis (2021). In 2014, he was named the University of North Georgia Alumni Distinguished Professor, andheearned the UNG Distinguished Teaching Award in 2021. Michael Hope (Ph.D., Australian National University) is Associate Professor of History at Yonsei University, Korea. He specializes in the political and cultural history of the Mongol Empire with a particular focus on the Ilkhanate. He is the author of Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Ilkhanate of Iran (2016).