The Adrenergic Receptors In the 21st Century

An authoritative review of the current state-of-the-art understanding of the structure and function of the adrenergic receptor subtypes, as well as of the role played by these receptors in physiological and pathophysiological settings. Topics range from structure-function studies and the imaging of adrenergic receptors to the use of genetically altered mouse models and pharmacogenomics. Highlights include a survey of the knockout and overexpressed mouse models, a review of the new ways that adrenergic receptors can signal, and the effects of polymorphisms on clinical outcomes and on potential gene therapy applications. The side-by-side comparison of all the adrenergic receptors (a1, a2, and b) provides the reader with an excellent survey of the field, including the rationale for designing better drugs to control blood pressure and heart function.

Historical Perspectives.- Adrenergic Receptors.- Structure-Function.- Ligand Binding, Activation, and Agonist Trafficking.- New Signal Transduction Paradigms.- Regulation of the Cellular Localization and Trafficking of the Adrenergic Receptors.- Adrenergic Receptors in Clinical Medicine.- Imaging Adrenergic Receptors and Their Function.- Use of Fluorescent Ligands and Receptors to Visualize Adrenergic Receptors.- Localization of Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes and Transgenic Expression of Fluorescent-Tagged Receptors.- Genetically Altered Mouse Models.- The ?1-Adrenergic Receptors.- The ?2-Adrenergic Receptors.- The ?-Adrenergic Receptors.- Lessons From Overexpressed Mouse Models.- Adrenergic Receptor Signaling Components in Gene Therapy.- Pharmacogenomics.- Genetic, Molecular, and Clinical Characterization of Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphisms.- Microarray Analysis of Novel Adrenergic Receptor Functions.- Summary and Future Endeavors.- Summary and Future Endeavors.