Superantigen Protocols

Superantigens, a class of proteins produced by bacteria and microbes, cause diseases ranging from food poisoning to toxic shock, but can also be used to understand these pathologies and devise therapeutic agents to combat them. In Superantigen Protocols, leading researchers in the biological, chemical, and physical investigation of superantigens describe in step-by-step detail their best experimental techniques to assess the physical characteristics and biological effects of these potent activators of the immune system. The protocols range from those for investigating the interactions of superantigens with cellular receptors to those for the analysis of their immunological and biological effects, including methods for using BIOcore to determine binding kinetics and establishing various lymphocyte cell culture systems. There are also accounts of such methods as the RNase protection assay, cytokine ELISA, FACS analysis, and cytokine production at the single cell level. Additional techniques for the discovery of new activators of the immune system, the development of new therapeutics for the suppression of superantigen-induced effects, and the treatment of inflammatory diseases are detailed.
Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Superantigen Protocols provides a broad range of novel immunological and biochemical techniques that can be successfully applied not only to the structural, functional, and clinical properties of superantigens, but also to the many varieties of such proteins and to new cellular systems.

Superantigens.- Expression, Purification, and Detection of Novel Streptococcal Superantigens.- Flow Cytometric Detection of MMTV Superantigens.- Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Superantigen Structure and Stability.- Binding Kinetics of Superantigen with TCR and MHC Class II.- Directed Evolution of T-Cell Receptors for Binding Superantigens.- Analysis of Superantigen Binding to Soluble T-Cell Receptors.- Role of Accessory Molecules in the Superantigen-Induced Activation of Peripheral Blood T Cells.- T-Lymphocyte Activation Induced by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Superantigens.- Measurement of Proinflammatory Cytokines and T-Cell Proliferative Response in Superantigen-Activated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.- RNase Protection Assay for the Study of the Differential Effects of Therapeutic Agents in Suppressing Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Cytokines in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.- Staining Protocol for Superantigen-Induced Cytokine Production Studied at the Single-Cell Level.- Assessment of Specific T-Cell Activation by Superantigens.- Superantigen-Induced Changes in Epithelial Ion Transport and Barrier Function.- Pyrogenic, Lethal, and Emetic Properties of Superantigens in Rabbits and Primates.