Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Volume 1: Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics

The two-volume set Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering is concerned with the application of the principles of mechanics to physical, chemical and electro-magnetic processes in the upper-most layers of the earth and the design and construction of the rock structures associated with civil engineering and exploitation or extraction of natural resources in mining and petroleum engineering. Volume 1, Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics, discusses rock-constituting elements, discontinuities and their behavior under various physical and chemical actions in nature. The governing equations together with constitutive laws and experimental techniques and the solution techniques are explained and some examples of applications are given. A number of chapters are devoted to possible new directions in rock mechanics. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering is intended to be a fundamental resource for younger generations and newcomers and a reference book for experts specialized in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering and associated with the fields of mining, civil and petroleum engineering, engineering geology, and/or specialized in Geophysics and concerned with earthquake science and engineering.

1 Introduction and history of rock mechanics and rock engineering 1.1 Earlier traces of rock mechanics and rock engineering 1.2 Modern development of rock mechanics and rock engineering 1.3 Goals and content of this book 2 Minerals, rocks, discontinuities and rock mass 2.1 Minerals 2.2 Rocks 2.3 Discontinuities 2.4 Rock mass 3 Fundamental definitions and measurement techniques 3.1 Physical parameters of rocks 3.2 Physical parameters of discontinuities 3.3 Rock mass 4 Fundamental governing equations 4.1 Fundamental governing equations for one-dimensional case 4.2 Multidimensional governing equations 4.3 Derivation of governing equations in integral form 5 Constitutivelaws 5.1 One-dimensional constitutive laws 5.2 Multidimensional constitutive laws 5.3 Nonlinear behavior (elasto-plasticity and elasto-visco-plasticity) for solids 6 Laboratory and in-situ tests 6.1 Laboratory tests on mechanical properties 6.2 In-situ mechanical tests 6.3 Thermal properties of rocks and their measurements 6.4 Tests for seepage parameters 7 In-situ stress estimation, measurement and inference methods 7.1 In-situ stress estimation methods 7.2 In-situ stress measurement methods 7.3 In-situ stress inference methods 7.4 Comparisons 7.5 Integration of various direct measurement and indirect techniques for in-situ stress estimation 7.6 Crustal stress changes 8 Analytical methods 8.1 Basic approaches 8.2 Analytical solutions for solids 8.3 Analytical solutions for fluid flow through porous rocks 8.4 Analytical solutions for heat flow: temperature distribution in the vicinity of geological active faults 8.5 Analytical solutions for diffusion problems 8.6 Evaluation of creep-like deformation of semi-infinite soft rock layer 9 Numerical methods 9.1 Introduction 9.2 1-D hyperbolic problem: equation of motion 9.3 Parabolic problems: heat flow, seepage and diffusion 9.4 Finite element method for 1-D pseudo-coupled parabolic problems: heat flow and thermal stress; swelling and swelling pressure 9.5 Hydromechanical coupling: seepage and effective stress problem 9.6 Biot problem: coupled dynamic response of porous media 9.7 Introduction of boundary conditions in simultaneous equation system 9.8 Rayleigh damping and its implementation 9.9 Nonlinear problems 9.10 Special numerical procedures for rock mass having discontinuities 10 Ice mechanics and glacial flow 10.1 Physics of ice 10.2 Mechanical properties of ice 10.3 Glaciers and ice domes/sheets 10.4 Cliff and slope failures induced by glacial flow 10.5 Glacial cave failures 10.6 Moraine lakes and lake burst 10.7 Calving and iceberg formation 11 Extraterrestrial rock mechanics and rock engineering 11.1 Solar system 11.2 Moon 11.3 Mars 11.4 Venus 11.5 Issues of rock mechanics and rock engineering on the Moon, Mars and Venus 11.6 Conclusions and future studies Appendices Appendix 1: Definitions of scalars, vectors and tensors and associated operations Appendix 2: Stress analysis Appendix 3: Deformation and strain Appendix 4: Gauss divergence theorem Appendix 5: Geometrical interpretation of Taylor expansion Appendix 6: Reynolds transport theorem

Ömer Aydan was born in 1955, and studied Mining Engineering at the Technical University of Istanbul, Turkey (B.Sc., 1979), Rock Mechanics and Excavation Engineering at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (M.Sc., 1982), and received his Ph.D. in Geotechnical Engineering from Nagoya University, Japan in 1989. Prof. Aydan worked at Nagoya University as a research associate (1987-1991), and then at the Department of Marine Civil Engineering at Tokai University, first as Assistant Professor (1991-1993), then as Associate Professor (1993-2001), and finally as Professor (2001-2010). He then became Professor of the Institute of Oceanic Research and Development at Tokai University, and is currently Professor at the University of Ryukyus, Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. He is also the director of the Disaster Prevention Research Center for Island Region of the University of the Ryukyus. Ömer has played an active role on numerous ISRM, JSCE, JGS, SRI and Rock Mech. National Group of Japan committees, and has organized several national and international symposia and conferences.