Resistance of Cancer Cells to CTL-Mediated Immunotherapy

This comprehensive volume explores the latest research on the mechanisms of resistance in cancer cells to CTL-mediated immunotherapy. Chapter topics discuss cell-mediated immunity as the result of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) directed specifically against cancer cells. In addition, the volume reviews how CTL mediate the cytotoxic activity, in large part, by the indication of apoptosis; hence, tumor cells develop anti-apoptotic mechanisms and thereby, resist CTL-induced apoptosis. In order for CTL-mediated antitumor immunotherapy to be effective, it is essential that agents directed against the resistant tumor cells sensitized cancer cells for CTL-mediated apoptosis. Examples of such agents discussed in the volume include are HDAC inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, Bcl-2 family inhibitors, PARP, antibodies, and more.

1 Resistance of Cancer Stem Cells to Cell-mediated Immune Responses .-2 Role of Co-inhibitory Molecules in Tumor Escape from CTL attack.-3 Role of the Non-classical HLA Class I Antigens for Immune Escape .-4 Integrins: Friends or Foes of Antitumor Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Response.-5 Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Their Granzymes: An Overview.-6 Hypoxia: A Formidable Saboteur of the Anti-tumor Response.-7 Mechanisms and Modulation of Tumor Microenvironment-Induced Immune Resistance .-8 Evasion of Cytotoxic Lymphocyte and Pulmonary Macrophage Mediated Immune Responses in Lung Cancer.-9 Sensitization of Immune-Resistant Tumor Cells to CTL-mediated Apoptosis via Interference at the Dysregulated NF-?B/Snail/YY1/PI3K/RKIP/PTEN Resistant Loop.-10 Overcoming Cancer Cell Resistance to Death Receptor Targeted Therapies.-11 Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to TRAIL Therapy: Regulators of the Death Inducing Signaling Complex.-12 Resistance of Carcinoma Cells to CTL-mediated Immunotherapy.-13 Cancer Induced Immunosuppression and its Modulation by Signal Inhibitors.-14 Quality of CTL Therapies: A Changing Landscape.