Rammed Earth Conservation Proceedings of the First Internatonal Conference on Rammed Earth Conservation, Restapia 2012, Valencia, Spain, 21-23 June 2012

Includes a free CD containing the full contents of the book. The rammed earth technique, in all its variants, is widespread all over the world. This enormously prevalent building technique harbours an important richness of varieties both in application and in materials used. Interventions on historical rammed earth buildings have also been carried out in all the geographical areas where these structures are found. This historical heritage has undergone diverse forms of reconstruction, conservation, repair, substitution and/or structural consolidation. The different criteria applied require different techniques, materials or forms of intervention. The results of the interventions have also been manifold, both in terms of the impact on the building and the technical and material durability. With a view to these issues, this book deals with rammed earth architecture and its restoration, and, in a more general sense, with the construction techniques and restoration of all earthen structures. Rammed Earth Conservation will be a valuable source of information for academics and professionals in the fields of Civil Engineering, Construction and Building Engineering and Architecture.

Preface Organization and committees Conference sponsors Plenary lectures “Pisé”: Evolution, innovations, resistances and future directionsH. Guillaud Which course of action for earthen architectural heritage preservation?M. Correia Earthen architecture: Clay feet or a feat of clay F.G. Matero Restoration of rammed earth structures F.J. López Martínez The Nasrid ramparts of the Albaicín (Granada, Spain): An analysis of materials and building techniques J.M. López Osorio Torres Bermejas: Conserving the past J. Gallego Roca Rammed earth architecture and construction Methodological proposal for rammed-earth wall characterization: Understanding of material in preliminary studies F.J. Alejandre, J.J. Martín-del-Río, F.J. Blasco & V. Flores The formalization as an identification process of a constructive way: The rammed earth of Cherchell (Algeria) S. Alliche & Y. Chennaoui Traditional braces for rammed earth walls constructions in La Manchuela albaceteña, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain Q. Angulo, Á. Mas & J.L. Santolaria Godelleta’s watchtower (Valencia, Spain) S. Baños, A.C. Barbosa, B. Herrero, I. Jordán, I. Ontiveros & S.S. Sánchez Earthen architectural heritage in the South Piedmont area (Italy): Strategies for its re-evaluation and for local territorial sustainable development G. Bollini & I. Parodi The rammed earth walls in the watchtowers of the order of Santiago in Albacete province (Spain) F.J. Castilla, J.L. Serrano & D. Sanz Montroy Islamic Tower (Valencia, Spain) P. de Mazarredo, A. Garre, V. Lassala, R. Martínez García de la Cuadra & E. Méndez Sustainability lessons from the past: Rammed earth architecture in Vojvodina, Serbia Z. Djordjevic The monitoring of rammed earth experimental walls and characterization of rammed earth samples P. Faria, V. Silva, C. Pereira & M. Rocha Earthen architecture in Galicia (Spain): Rammed earth in Terra de Lemos A. Fernández Palicio Rammed earth walls in Serón de Nágima castle (Soria, Spain): Constructive lecture 1I.J. Gil Rammed earth—its use in new building and training as a building-school A. González & G. Mingolla Patrimonial rammed earth structures at the Sierra Nevada, Mexico L.F. Guerrero Characterization of compressed earth blocks built with natural low-cost energy stabilizers C. Guerrieri Rammed earth architecture in the middle course of the river Júcar, Spain J. Hidalgo & I. Matoses About the rediscovery of the tapia valenciana F. Iborra Clay in architecture: Slovenia and beyond B. Juvanec From the ground up: Building the Dirt Works Studio C. Kraus On perceptions of rammed earth C. Kraus The construction of the Valencian rammed earth walls in the Corpus Christi College-Seminary in Valencia (Spain) C. Lerma, Á. Mas & E. Gil Rammed-earth construction in Southern Morocco: A reappraisal of the technology J.M. López Osorio, A. Montiel & U. Martín Analysis parameters for systematization of rammed earth walls in Granada and Almería (Andalucía, Spain) J.Mª. Martín & M. Martín Rammed earth construction in El Rincón de Ademuz (Spain) C. Mileto, F. Vegas, L. García Soriano & M. Mestre Building rammed earth walls in the municipal swimming pool in Toro (Zamora, Spain) A. Raya, C. Crespo, S. Sánchez & E. Antelo Introduction to traditional rammed-earth building in the Aragonian valley of Jiloca (Spain) F.A. Rivas The citadel of Reina (Badajoz, Spain)—10 years of interventions on its walls M. Rocha Rammed earth architecture in La Hacienda de Santa Teresa Ixtafiayuca, Mexico M. Rodríguez Licea & L.F. Guerrero Restoration of the gypsum wall built with formwork in the tower of the castle of Villel (Teruel, Spain) J.M. Sanz Rammed earth floors in historic orangeries and greenhouses—Belvedere castle in Weimar, Germany H. Schroeder, D. Ahrendt & C. Hille Optimal rammed earth wall thickness for a single-family house in Serbia S. Stevanovic Rammed earth in Moravia (Czech Republic) in the context of neighboring lands Z. Syrová & J. Syrový Valencian tapia in the walled city of Mascarell (Castellón, Spain) F. Taberner Experience of rammed earth construction—rural and urban India C. Vishwanath & S. Nayak Conservation of rammed earth The restoration of tapia structures in the Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo (Granada, Spain) A. Almagro & A. Orihuela The Moroccan Drâa Valley earthen architecture: Pathology and intervention criteria E. Baglioni, L. Rovero & U. Tonietti Characterization of the rammed-earth structure of the Moon Castle in Mairena del Alcor (Seville, Spain) A. Barrios, A. Graciani & L. Núñez Structural criteria for the restoration of rammed earth buildings in Barcelona province (Spain) S. Bestraten & E. Hormias Restoration of the rammed earth walls of the Generalife, (Granada, Spain) I. Bestué & F.J. López Martínez Characterization methodology to efficiently manage the conservation of historical rammed-earth buildings J. Canivell Critical analysis of interventions in historical rammed-earth walls—military buildings in the ancient Kingdom of Seville J. Canivell & A. Graciani Core, connectors and crust: Methodological restoration options for reinforced rammed earth wall with bricks V. Cristini & J.R. Ruiz Checa Preliminary study to the restoration of the Tower Keep in Jérica (Castellón, Spain) J. deNeui, A. Lamas, J.V. Mañes, P. Moreno, G. Ramo, A. Rico & F. Rubio Interventions in Portuguese rammed earth architecture—from ignorance to good practices M. Fernandes Intervention in a rammed earth tower at the castle of Oropesa del Mar (Castellón, Spain) F. Font Restoration of Llotja del Cànem (Castellón, Spain) walls—“Witnesses of History” J.I. Fuster, A. Gallud & M. del Rey Restoration criteria of the Valencian rammed earth walls M. Galarza Consolidation and restoration of the Castle of Biar, Spain A. Gallud, M. del Rey & J.I. Fuster Restoration of monumental rammed earth buildings in Spain between 1980 and 2011 according to the Archives of the IPCE L. García Soriano, C. Mileto, F. Vegas & S. García Saez Preliminary studies for intervention, interpretation and value enhancement of Tower of Don Fadrique (Albaida, Seville, Spain) A. Graciani, J.J. Martín, G.M. Mora, F.J. Alejandre & J. Canivell Restoration of the rammed earth walls of the Poniente Tower and the Alafia wall in the fortified complex of Xivert (Castellón, Spain) V. Hofbauerová Conservation of rammed earth works in the Islamic fortified complex of Calatayud (Spain) P. Iglesias, B. Rodríguez Nuere, M.D. González Casado & E. Bailliet Rammed earth wall restoration method using the earth reintegration technique by ramming F. Jové, F. Díaz-Pinés, J.L. Sáinz Guerra & P. Olmos Restoration of rammed earth architecture: The projects funded by the Diputación Provincial de Valencia (Spain) V. La Spina, F. Martella, C. Mileto & F. Vegas Restoration of the Castle of Sot de Chera’s Tower (Valencia, Spain) V. López Mateu, S. Tormo & T.M. Pellicer Restoration of rammed earth architecture in the Iberian Peninsula: Ongoing research C. Mileto, F. Vegas, V. Cristini & L. García Soriano Reflections about the restoration of a rammed earth Islamic tower C. Mileto & F. Vegas Restoration of two rammed earth walls at Sagunto’s castle (Valencia, Spain) M.E. Moliner, L.M. Almena, C. Camps & S. Tormo Restoration of the Andalusí wall of the Alcazaba Antigua (Ancient Citadel) of Granada (Spain) A. Orihuela & J.M. Castillo-Martínez Historical rammed-earth structures in Eastern Andalusia: (Spain) The restoration philosophy of the architect Prieto-MorenoA. Romero & J.M. López Osorio Restoration of the stone tapia of hsin al-Qala (Castell d’Alcalà de Gallinera), Alicante, Spain A. Soler, R. Soler & J.R. Ortega The valencian rammed-earth wall (“tapia valenciana”) in the restoration of Alaquàs Castle (Valencia, Spain)S. Tormo, V. García Martínez, L. Cortés & L. Palaia Xàtiva’s Castle (Spain)—constructive analysis of rammed-earth walls and