Public Administration Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector

The ninth edition of Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector grounds students in the fundamentals of public administration while embracing its complexity. It describes, explains, and analyzes public administration through the lenses of three well-established perspectives: management, politics, and law. In addition to thoroughly refreshed examples and case studies, significant updates to this new edition include the following: The discussion of management has been collapsed into a single category, contemporary public management, to better reflect the blending of traditional/orthodox and new public management approaches in the field. Significant changes to federal administration initiated by the Trump administration, the emergence of "hyper-" partisanship, major court decisions affecting public administration, and newer scholarship and foci in public administration. A thoroughly rewritten chapter on budgeting and public finance. New public governance material is incorporated throughout the book, including collaborative models for coordinating administration with private organizations, particularly nonprofits. Additional attention is paid to public participation in public administration, including public administration's potential contribution to strengthening democratic citizenship. Thorough discussion of the latest managerial techniques and concepts as well as the contemporary performance orientation in the public sector. Downloadable instructor support materials including Key Points, Discussion and/or Test Questions, Multiple Choice Questions, True or False Questions, and an Answer Keyto accompanyeach chapter in the book. Together these revisions reinvigorate the book yet retain its core structure, ideas, and familiarity for students and instructors alike. While the new edition retains its focus on the U.S. context, the focus on managerial, legislative, and judicial functions lends itself well to public administration in many developed nations, making the book a popular choice with instructors around the globe. This time-tested and fully up-to-date textbook is required reading for all students of public administration, public management, and nonprofit management.

Preface. PART I Introduction: Definitions, Concepts, and Settings CHAPTER 1 The Contemporary Practice and Discipline of Public Administration: Managerial, Political and Policy, and Legal Perspectives. Some Definitions. Constitutions. The Public Interest. Public Value and Public Values. The Market. Sovereignty. Regulation and Service. Managerial, Political and policy, and Legal Approaches. The Managerial Approach to Public Administration. Traditional Managerial Legacies in Contemporary Public Administration. Organizational Structure. View of the Individual Cognitive Approach. Resource Allocation. Decision Making. The Contributions of New Public Management to the Contemporary Managerial Approach. Organizational Structure. View of the Individual. Cognitive Approach. Resource Allocation. Decision Making. Human Resources Management. The Political and Policy Approach to Public Administration. Organizational Structure. Cognitive Approach. View of the Individual. Resource Allocation. Decision Making. Human Resources Management. The Legal Approach to Public Administration. Main Sources. Constitutional law. Increasing Relevance of the Law. Legal Values. Organizational Structure. View of the Individual. Cognitive Approach. Resource Allocation. Decision Making. Human Resources Management. From New Public Management to New Public Governance: Current Trends in Public Administration. Broadening Performance Measurement. Using Networks, Partnerships, and Collaborative Coproduction. Capacity Building. Civic Participation and Engagement. Conflict Resolution. Conclusion: Public Administration Reconsidered. STUDY QUESTIONS/ADDITIONAL READING/PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION THEORY WEB SITES. CHAPTER 2 The American Administrative State: Development and Political Environment. The Rise of the American Administrative State. The Political and Policy Roots of the American Administrative State. Goals of Government. Public Policy. "Third-Party Government". Drivers of Growth. The Legal Origins of American Public Administration. Regulation. Balancing Liberty and Equality. The Administrative Procedure Act. The Managerial Origins of the Contemporary American Administrative State. Administrative Authority and Responsibility. The Paradox of Administrative Power. Administrative Independence. Public Policy Making. Responses to the Rise of the Administrative State. The President and Public Administration. The Mythical Presidency. Limits to Presidential Authority. Tools of Presidential Management. Congress and the Administrative State. The Courts: A Judicial Response to Modern Public Administration, Strengthening and Articulating Constitutional Rights. Stricter Scrutiny of Administrative Decisions. Public Law Litigation or Remedial Law. Liability and Immunity. Interest Groups. Advisory Committees. Negotiated Rule Making. Legislative Review of Rules. Other Avenues of Influence. Public Employee Unions and Contractors’ Associations. The Public. Political Parties. State and Local Governments. Extensions to the Administrative State. The Managerial Approach. The Political and Policy Approach. The Legal Approach. Conclusion: The Administrative State. Study Questions/Additional Reading/Federal, State, and Local Web Sites/Notes. CHAPTER 3 Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations. The Structure of the American Administrative State. Why Federalism? The Political Approach. What Federalism Does. Dual Sovereignty. Bicameralism. Multiple Layers of Representation. Administrative Decentralization: The Managerial Approach. The Quest for Uniformity: The Legal Approach. The Fourteenth Amendment. The Commerce Clause. The Tenth Amendment. The Eleventh Amendment. Evolving Models of American Federalism. American Government: The Building Blocks. Municipalities. Townships. Counties. School Districts and Other Special Districts. States. Federal. Intergovernmental Relations. Federal-State Relations and Fiscal Federalism. "Horizontal Federalism": Interstate Relations. Relationships among Local Governments. Conclusion: Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations. Study Questions/Additional Reading/Federalism Web Sites/Notes. PART II Introduction: Definitions, Concepts, and Settings. CHAPTER 4. Core Functions.Organization: Structure and Process. Organizations and Organization Theory. What Are Organizations? Organization Theory. Commonalities in Public Administrative Organizations. Bureaucracy. Scientific Management. The Human Relations Approach. Leadership. Motivation. Contemporary Approaches to Organization Theory. Managerial Perspectives on Public Organizations . Orthodox Public Administration: POSDCORB. Challenges to the Orthodoxy. What Will Replace POSDCORB. The Political and Policy Approach to Public Organizations. Pluralism. Autonomy. The Legislative Connection. Decentralization. A Checklist of Political Questions on Administrative Organization. The Legal Approach to Public Organizations. Independence. The Commission Format. Insulation from Ex Parte Influences. Independent Hearing Examiners – Administrative Law Judges. Staffing for Adjudication. Alternative Dispute Resolution. Conclusion: The Future . Fundamental Assumptions. Democratic Organization. Market-Based Organization. The Networked Organization. New Public Governance, an Emerging Synthesis of Trends? Study Questions / Notes / Additional Readings. CHAPTER 5 Public Personnel Administration and Collective Bargaining. Historical Background. Public Personnel Administration According to "Gentlemen". Public Personnel Administration According to "Spoils". Public Personnel Administration According to "Merit". Management, Politics and Policy, and Law in Public Personnel Administration. Civil Service Reform, 1978. HRM Reform in the 1990s through the 2010s. Managerial Public Personnel Administration. Position Classification. Recruitment, Selection, and Promotion. Performance Appraisal. Pay. Workforce Planning. Cutbacks. Quality of Work Life (QWL). Political Neutrality. The Political and Policy Approach to Public Personnel Administration. Responsiveness. Representativeness. The Legal Approach to Public Personnel Administration. The Constitutional Rights of Public Employees and Applicants. The Liability and Immunity of Public Employees. Collective Bargaining and Labor-Management Partnerships. Collective Bargaining. Labor-Management Partnerships. Conclusions: Three Possible Futures for HRM. Study Questions / Notes / Additional Readings. CHAPTER 6 Budgeting and the Public Finances The Size and Growth of Budgets. Sources of Revenues. Revenue Evaluation Criteria. Governmental Fiscal Policy Making. The National Debt: Is it a Burden? The Federal Budgetary Process. Stages in the Budgetary Process. The Distinction between Authority and Appropriations. The Continuing Saga of the Budget: Execution. Continuing Problem Areas. A Budget Theory or Theories about Budgeting? The Managerial Approach to Public Budgeting. The Political and Policy Approach to Public Budgeting. The Legal Influence on Budgeting. Study Questions / Notes / Additional Readings / Budgeting Websites. CHAPTER 7 Decision Making. Practical Realities: "Small World" and "Large World" Decisions. The Traditional Managerial Approach to Decision Making. Specialization. Hierarchy. Formalization. Merit. The Rational-Comprehensive Model. Critique of the Rational-Comprehensive Model. The Political and Policy Approach to Decision Making: The Incremental Model. Components of the Incremental Model. Incrementalism and Small- and Large-World Problems. A Critique of the Incremental Model. The Legal Approach to Decision Making. Advantages of Adjudication. Critique of Adjudication as a Decision Making Model. The Case of Benzene in the Workplace. New Public Management and New Public Governance Approaches to Decision Making. New Public Management and Decision-Making. New Public Governance and Decision-Making. The Impact of Context on Decision Making. Individual Level: Recognition-Primed Decision Model. Organizational Level: The Governmental P

David H. Rosenbloom is Distinguished Professor of Public Administration at American University in Washington, DC. Robert S. Kravchuk is Professor of Public Affairs in the O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana. Richard M. Clerkin is Professor MPA Director in the Department of Public Administration in the School of Public and International Affairs at North Carolina State University.