Police and Military Dogs Criminal Detection, Forensic Evidence and Judicial Admissibility

It is essential that those in the criminal justice system understand the tasks that police dogs perform and the evidence that their work produces. Police and Military Dogs: Criminal Detection, Forensic Evidence, and Judicial Admissibility examines the use of police and military dogs for a wide variety of functions and explores canine biology and behavior as it applies to police work. The book begins with an overview of the changes that have occurred in the field in the past four decades as discoveries have been made about canine capabilities. The author examines how a canine handler’s work with a skilled police dog can affect the subsequent investigation and prosecution of the crime. He discusses optimal procedures for finding and processing evidence and describes the boundaries of admissibility of evidence produced by police dogs. The book examines the many diverse detection functions police dogs are being trained to perform, ranging from cadaver detection to the discovery of explosives. It also describes the use of dogs to apprehend criminals and in search and rescue operations. Written for a wide audience including canine handlers, forensic scientists, attorneys, and the judiciary, this volume covers topics pertinent to all aspects of the police dog in contemporary law enforcement.

Police and Military Dogs in the Twenty-First Century Development of Police and Military Dog Functions Canine Biology and Behavior Tracking, Trailing, and Scent Identification History and Judicial Acceptance of Tracking and Trailing Evidence Scientific Analysis of Tracking, Trailing, and Scent Identification; John J. Ensminger and Tadeusz JezierskiTracking and Trailing in Criminal Investigations and ProsecutionsJudicial Admissibility of Scent Lineup EvidenceScent Lineups in Criminal Investigations and Prosecutions; John J. Ensminger and Tadeusz Jezierski Detection FunctionsJudicial Admissibility of Canine Detection EvidenceScientific Issues in Detection FunctionsAutomobile SniffsSniffs of Luggage, Transportation Facilities, and HotelsMail and Package SniffsSniffs of Storage Areas, Cargo, and Commercial SpacesResidential SniffsCurrency SniffsSchool Sniffs; John J. Ensminger and L.E. PapetExplosives, Landmine, and Bioweapons Detection; John J. Ensminger, John Grubbs, and L.E. PapetAccelerant Detection DogsCadaver Dogs; John J. Ensminger and L.E. PapetApprehension and Rescue FunctionsSuspect Apprehension and Bite IssuesSearch and Rescue DogsAfterwordAppendix A: US Police Canine AssociationsAppendix B: BibliographyAppendix C: Federal and State Cases CitedIndex

John J. Ensminger, a lawyer practicing in New York, has written extensively on tax and financial issues, and more recently on legal, scientific and judicial procedures affecting the functions, rights and protection of specially trained dogs. His most current research focuses on canine scent identification and criminal prosecution applications. His publications include: Service and Therapy Dogs in American Society: Science, Law and the Evolution of Canine Caregivers; Money Laundering, Terrorism, and Financial Institutions; the USA Patriot Act Monitor. Contributions on canine legal issues have appeared in the Journal of Animal Law, GP Solo: ABA General Practice and Tax Notes. He received his BA from the University of California at Berkeley in zoology and marine biology, and earned his JD and LLM degrees from Hastings College of the Law, and New York University School of Law. Contributors: John G. Grubbs, president of United States Bomb Dogs, Inc., was a law enforcement officer for 20 years with the Explosives Detection Canine Unit of the U.S. Secret Service, in which capacity he guarded U.S. presidents, vice presidents, and world leaders. Tadeusz Jezierski, Ph.D., head of the Department of Animal Behavior at the Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Science, has published 65 scientific papers, including studies on canine scent detection. L.E. Papet, Executive Director of K9 Resources, LLC, in Ohio, who has developed 170 protocols for training, testing, and deploying canine units.