Pharmacology in Anesthesia Practice

In anesthesia practice and treatment, pharmacology and therapeutics are intimately related, synergistic, and mutually reinforcing. Rapid advances in pharmacotherapy often offer myriad treatment options for clinicians to sort through when developing patient management strategies. In turn, the principles of clinical therapeutics are rooted in fundamental pharmacology. Clinicians must understand pharmacologic principles in order to formulate and implement therapeutic algorithms that maximize patient benefit. Pharmacology in Anesthesia Practice provides clinicians with a rapid and easy review of the most commonly utilized pharmacologic agents during perioperative care. Clinical application is emphasized throughout. It aims to offer clinicians point-of-care guidance from internationally recognized authors and centers of excellence.

Contributors; 1 Inhalational Agents; 1.1 Volatile Anesthetics; Philip Gallegos, MD, Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 1.2 Nitrous Oxide; Philip Gallegos, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 2 Induction Agents; 2.1 Propofol; Ellen Wang, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 2.2 Barbiturates; Katherine C. Normand, MD; 3 Pain Medications; 3.1 Opioids; Thomas H. Scott and Jane C. Ballantyne; 3.2 Skeletal Muscle Relaxants; Chitra Ramasubbu, MD, Anita Gupta DO, PharmD; 3.3 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; Matthew Lesneski MD and Peter Yi MD; 3.4 Acetaminophen; Chitra Ramasubbu, MD and Anita Gupta DO, PharmD; 3.5 Benzodiazepines; Ellen Wang, MD; 4 Muscle Relaxants; 4.1 Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers; Jared Feinman, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 4.2 Succinylcholine; Jared Feinman, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 5 Anticholinergics and Anticholinesterases; 5.1 Anticholinesterases; Devin Tang, MD and Anita Gupta, DO PharmD; 5.2 Anticholinergics; Anita Gupta DO, PharmD, Amna Mehdi, BS; 6 Vasopressors and Inotropes; Priscilla Nelson, MD, Jonas A. Nelson, MD, and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 7 Anti-Hypertensives; 7.1 Beta Blockers; Anita Gupta DO, PharmD, and Amna Mehdi, BS; 7.2 Antihypertensives; Onyi Onuoha, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 8 Local Anesthetics; Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 9 Antiemetics; Alissa Wilmot, MD and Sander Schlichter, MD; 10 Gastric Medications; Shanique Brown, MD, and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 11 Anti-Inflammatory; 11.1 Steroids; Lisa Witkin, MD, Anita Gupta, DO, PharmD; 11.2 Antihistamines; Mona Patel, MD, and Anita Gupta, DO, PharmD; 12 Narcotic and Benzodiazepine Reversal Agents; Gaurav Bhatia, MD, and Anita Gupta, DO, PharmD; 13 Hematologic Agents; 13.1 Dipyridamole; Elizabeth Duggan, MD; 13.2 Adenosine Diphosphate Inhibitors; Michael J. Duggan, MD, Elizabeth W. Duggan, and Jiri Horak, MD; 13.3 Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH); Elizabeth W. Duggan, MD, Michael J. Duggan, MD, and Maurizio Cereda, MD; 13.4 Miscellaneous Anticoagulants; Michael J. Duggan, MD, Elizabeth W. Duggan, and Jiri Horak, MD; 13.5 Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA); Elizabeth Duggan, MD and Michael Duggan, MD; 13.6 Heparin and Argatroban; Crystal C. Wright, MD; 13.7 Procoagulants; Peter Killoran, MD, and Katherine Normand, MD; 14 Obstetrics; 14.1 Prostaglandins (carboprost, misoprostol, alprostadil); Cristianna Vallera, MD; 14.2 Ergots (Methylergonovine Maleate); Emily Baird, MD; 14.3 Oxytocin (Pitocin); Emily Baird, MD; 14.4 Magnesium; Robert Gaiser, MD; 14.5 Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist (Terbutaline); Robert Gaiser, MD; 15 Antiepileptic Drugs; Emily E. Peoples, M.D.; 16 Bronchodilators; Anita Gupta DO, PharmD, and Amna Mehdi, BS; 17 IV Fluids; 17.1 Crystalloids; Katherine Chuy, MD, and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 17.2 Colloids; Katherine Chuy, MD, and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 17.3 Transfusion Products; Nina Singh Radcliff, MD; 18 Electrolytes; 18.1 Sodium/Potassium/Calcium/Phosphate; Yianni Augoustides and Tygh Wyckoff; 18.2 Sodium bicarbonate; Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 19 Diuretics; 20 Antiarrhythmics; 20.1 Antiarrhythmics; Gaurav Malhotra, MD; 21 Antihyperglycemic Agents; 21.1 Insulin; Elizabeth Valentine, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 22 Mood Stabilizers and Antidepressants; 22.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs); Gregory Moy, MD and Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 22.2 Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs); Gregory Moy, MD and Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 22.3 Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs); Gregory Moy, MD, and Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 22.4 Antipsychotics; Gregory Moy, MD, and Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 22.5 Lithium; Gregory Moy, MD and Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 23 Antibiotics; 23.1 Antibiotics; Nina Singh-Radcliff MD and Kris E. Radcliff, MD; 23.2 Antivirals; Meghan Lane-Fall, MD and Todd Miano, PharmD, BCPS; 24 Statins: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Jason Choi, MD, and John G. Augoustides, MD; 25 Vitamins/Herbals; Ellen Wang, MD; 26 Illicit Substances; 26.1 Cocaine; Nabil Elkassabany, MD; 26.2 Drugs of Abuse; William Gao and Nabil Elkassabany; 27 Other Key Drugs; 27.1 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP); Jesse Raiten, MD; 27.2 Carbidopa; Shannon Bianchi, MD and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 27.3 Doxapram; Shannon Bianchi, MD; 27.4 Caffeine; Shannon Bianchi, MD; 27.5 Nitric oxide; Jesse Raiten, MD; 27.6 Dexmedetomidine; Shannon Bianchi, MD; 27.7 Acetylcysteine; Shannon Bianchi, MD; 27.8 Adriamycin (Doxorubicin); Matt N. Decker and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 27.9 Sugammedex; Mark Decker, MD, and Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD; 27.10 Thyroid Medications; Mona Patel, MD, Anita Gupta, DO, PharmD

Anita Gupta, DO, PharmD, is Chief of the Division of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesiology at Hahnemann University Hospital and Drexel College of Medicine. Nina Singh-Radcliff, MD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.