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Open Channel Flow Numerical Methods and Computer Applications




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Lingua: Inglese
Editore:

CRC Press

Pubblicazione: 11/2010
Edizione: 1° edizione





Note Editore

A comprehensive treatment of open channel flow, Open Channel Flow: Numerical Methods and Computer Applications starts with basic principles and gradually advances to complete problems involving systems of channels with branches, controls, and outflows/ inflows that require the simultaneous solutions of systems of nonlinear algebraic equations coupled with differential equations. The book includes downloadable resources that contain a program that solves all types of simple open channel flow problems, the source programs described in the text, the executable elements of these programs, the TK-Solver and MathCad programs, and the equivalent MATLAB® scripts and functions.The book provides applied numerical methods in an appendix and also incorporates them as an integral component of the methodology in setting up and solving the governing equations. Packed with examples, the book includes problems at the end of each chapter that give readers experience in applying the principles and often expand upon the methodologies use in the text. The author uses Fortran as the software to supply the computer instruction but covers math software packages such as MathCad, TK-Solver, MATLAB, and spreadsheets so that readers can use the instruments with which they are the most familiar. He emphasizes the basic principles of conservation of mass, energy, and momentum, helping readers achieve true mastery of this important subject, rather than just learn routine techniques. With the enhanced understanding of the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics provided by this book, readers can then apply these principles to the solution of complex real-world problems. The book supplies the knowledge tools necessary to analyze and design economical and properly performing conveyance systems. Thus not only is the book useful for graduate students, but it also provides professional engineers the expertise and knowledge to design well performing and economical channel systems.




Sommario

Dimensions, Terminology, and Review of Basic Fluid MechanicsIntroductionOne-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional FlowsSteady versus Unsteady FlowUniform versus Nonuniform FlowPrismatic versus Non-Prismatic ChannelsSubcritical, Critical, and Supercritical FlowsTurbulent versus Laminar FlowReview of Basic Fluid Mechanics PrinciplesPhysical Properties of Fluids and Their Effects on Open-Channel FlowsConservation of Mass, or Continuity EquationsEnergy PrincipleProblemsEnergy and Its Dissipation in Open ChannelsIntroductionApproaches to Frictional ResistanceCombining the Chezy and the Chezy C EquationsEmpirical Formula: Use of Manning’s EquationChannels with Varying Wall Roughness, but Q = ConstantSpecific Energy, Subcritical and Supercritical FlowsFlumesDelivery DiagramsGraphical Aids to Solving Critical Flow ProblemsUpstream Depth When Critical Conditions Occur at Reduced Downstream SectionDimensionless Treatment of Upstream Trapezoidal Channel to Downstream Rectangular ChannelHydraulically Most Efficient SectionProblemsReferencesThe Momentum Principle Applied to Open Channel FlowsThe Momentum FunctionCharacteristics of the Momentum FunctionRectangular Channels and Momentum Function per Unit WidthPolynomial Form for Momentum FunctionDimensionless Momentum FunctionsCelerity of Small Amplitude Gravity WavesConstant Height WavesOpen Channel to Pipe FlowMultiple Roughness Coefficient for Channel Section— Compound Sections ProblemsProblems to Solve Using Program CHANNELNonuniform FlowsTypes of Nonuniform FlowsOrdinary Differential Equation for Gradually Varied FlowGradually Varied Flow in Prismatic Channels without Lateral Inflow or OutflowNumerical Methods for Solving ODEsCanal SystemsSimultaneous Solution of Algebraic and Ordinary Differential EquationsFlow into a Mild Channel with a Downstream ControlDifferent Modes of Gate OperationHydraulic Jump Downstream from a Gate in a Finite Length ChannelNonprismatic ChannelsCulvertsGVF Profiles in Nonprismatic ChannelsGVF Profiles in Branched Channel SystemsGVF Profiles in Parallel ChannelsSolutions to Spatially Varied FlowsSpatially Varied InflowsSpatially Varied Flow in Nonprismatic ChannelsTile DrainageDownstream Controls in Nonprismatic ChannelsGutter Flow and Outflow through GratesMultiple Branched Channel SystemsOther Dependent Variables in GVF ComputationsVaried Flow FunctionMoving WavesMoving Hydraulic JumpProblemsReferencesCommon Techniques Used in Practice and ControlsIntroductionResistance to Flow in Natural Streams and RiversTechniques Used for Solving Steady Flows in Irregular ChannelsWater Measurement in ChannelsDesign of TransitionsGatesSubmerged Flow Downstream from Vertical GatesSeries of Submerged GatesDesign of Side WeirsOptimal Design of Trapezoidal Channels Considering Total CostsProblemsReferencesUnsteady FlowsWhen Should Flow Be Handled as Unsteady?Basic One-Dimensional Equations for Unsteady Channel Flows (The St. Venant Equations)Determination of Mathematical Type of St. Venant EquationsTaking Advantage of the Equation CharacteristicsSolution to Unsteady Flows That Deviate Only Slightly from Uniform ConditionsBoundary ConditionsMaximum Possible Flow RatesExtending the Methods to Non-Rectangular ChannelsMaximum Flow Rates in Non-Rectangular ChannelsPositive WavesControl StructuresPartial Instant Opening of Gates in Rectangular ChannelsPartial Instant Closing of Gates in Trapezoidal ChannelsPartial Instant Closure Followed by Slow Movement ThereafterDam Break ProblemProblemsNumerical Solution of the St. Venant EquationsBackgroundMethod of CharacteristicsBoundary ConditionsUsing Characteristics with Specified Time IncrementsIterative Solution TechniqueExplicit Evaluation of Variables at Points L and RAccuracy of Numerical SolutionsImplicit MethodsGauss–Seidel or Successive-Over-Relaxation (SOR) Iterative Solution TechniquesCrank–Nicolson Newton Iterative Implicit MethodWeighting Current and Advanced Time Steps DifferentlyThe Preissmann Implicit MethodSolving Preissmann Difference Equations Using the Newton MethodTwo-Dimensional Free Surface FlowsProblemsReferencesAppendix A: Open Channel Geometry and PropertiesAppendix B: Numerical MethodsAppendix C: ODESOL: Subroutine to Solve ODEsIndex




Autore

Roland Jeppson is Professor Emeritus of civil and environmental engineering in the Utah Water Research Laboratory (UWRL) at Utah State University in Logan.










Altre Informazioni

ISBN:

9781439839751

Condizione: Nuovo
Dimensioni: 10 x 7 in Ø 5.15 lb
Formato: Copertina rigida
Illustration Notes:447 b/w images, 23 tables and 939 Equations, 116 in text boxes
Pagine Arabe: 1258


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