Nano-Optics

When a photon meets a nanostructure, many interesting phenomena occur. This book aims at developing the theories and the applications of photon interactions with nanostructures. The contributors were all participants in the well-known Japanese national research project, "Near-Field Nano-Optics", which ran from 1997 to 2000. The book covers a wide range of disciplines in nano-optics, including the theoretical development of imaging-contrast mechanisms as a result of photon and nanomatter interactions, and discussions on different near-field nanoprobes. Applications of nano-optics to sensing, imaging, analysis, and the fabrication of nanostructures, such as molecules and quantum devices, are also discussed, with a collection of experimental examples.

1 Quantum Theory for Near-Field Nano-Optics.- 1.1 Resonant Near-Field Optics.- 1.2 Quantization of Evanescent Waves and Optical Near-Rield Interaction of Atoms.- 1.3 Quantum Mechanical Aspects of Optical Near-Field Problems.- 2 Electromagnetism Theory and Analysis for Near-Field Nano-Optics.- 2.1 Finite-Difference Time-Domain Analysis of a Near-Field Microscope System.- 2.2 Reconstruction of an Optical Image from NSOM Data.- 2.3 Radiation Force Exerted near a Nano-Aperture.- References.- 3 High-Resolution and High-Throughput Probes.- 3.1 Excitation of a HE-Plasmon Mode.- 3.2 Multiple-Tapered Probes.- References.- 4 Apertureless Near-Field Probes.- 4.1 Local Plasmon in a Metallic Nanoparticle.- 4.2 Laser-Trapping of a Metallic Particle for a Near-Field Microscope Probe.- 4.3 Near-Field Enhancement at a Metallic Probe.- 4.4 Scattering Near-Field Optical Microscope with a Microcavity.- References.- 5 Integrated and Functional Probes.- 5.1 Micromachined Probes.- 5.2 Light Detection from Force.- 5.3 High Efficiency Light Transmission Through a Nano-Waveguide.- References.- 6 High-Density Optical Memory and Ultrafine Photofabrication.- 6.1 Photochromic Memory Media.- 6.2 Near-Field Optical Memory.- 6.3 Future Prospects for Near-Field Optical Memory.- 6.4 Nanofabrication: Chemical Vapor Deposition.- 6.5 Nanofabrication: Organic Film.- References.- 7 Near-Field Imaging of Molecules and Thin Films.- 7.1 Near-Field Imaging of Molecules and Thin Films.- 7.2 Two-Dimensional Morphology of Ultrathin Polymer Films.- 7.3 Observation of Polyethylene (PE) Crystals.- 7.4 Preparation of Micrometer-Sized Chromophore Aggregates.- 7.5 Application to Electrochemical Research.- 7.6 Second-Harmonic Generation in Near-Field Optics.- References.- 8 Near-Field Microscopy for Biomolecular Systems.-8.1 Near-Field Imaging of Human Chromosomes and Single DNA Molecules.- 8.2 Imaging of Biological Molecules.- 8.3 Cell and Cellular Functions.- References.- 9 Near-Field Imaging of Quantum Devices and Photonic Structures.- 9.1 Spectroscopy of Quantum Devices and Structures.- 9.2 Observation of Polysilane by Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscope in the Ultraviolet (UV) Region.- 9.3 Near-Field Photon Tunneling.- References.- 10 Other Imaging and Applications.- 10.1 Birefringent Imaging with an Illumination-Mode Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscope.- 10.2 Plain-Type Low-Temperature NSOM System.- 10.3 STM-Induced Luminescence.- 10.4 Energy Modulation of Electrons with Evanescent Waves.- 10.5 Manipulation of Particles by Photon Force.- References.