Metaphor and Thought

Philosophers, psychologists, linguists, and educators raise serious questions about the viability of the traditional distinction between the literal and the metaphorical, discussing problems ranging from the definition of metaphor to its role in language acquisition, learning, scientific thinking, and the creation of social policy.

Metaphor and Thought, first published in 1979, reflects the surge of interest in and research into the nature and function of metaphor in language and thought. In this revised and expanded second edition, the editor has invited the contributors to update their original essays to reflect any changes in their thinking. Reorganised to accommodate the shifts in central theoretical issues, the volume also includes six new chapters that present important and influential fresh ideas about metaphor that have appeared in such fields as the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, linguistics, cognitive and clinical psychology, education and artificial intelligence.

Preface to first edition; Preface; List of contributors; 1. Metaphor, language and thought ANDREW ORTONY; Part I. Metaphor and Meaning: 2. More about metaphor Max Black; Figurative speech and linguistics Jerrold M. Saddock; The semantics of metaphor L. Jonathan Cohen; Some problems with the notion of literal meanings David E. Rumelhart; Metaphor John R. Searle; Language, concepts, and worlds: Three domains of metaphor Samuel R. Levin; Observations on the pragmatics of metaphor Jerry L. Morgan; Part II. Metaphor and Representation: Generative metaphor: A perspective on problem-setting in social policy Donald A. Schon; The conduit metaphor: A case of frame conflict in our language about language Michael J. Reddy; The contemporary theory of metaphor George Lakoff; Process and products in making sense of tropes Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr; Metaphor, induction, and social policy: The Convergence of macroscopic and microscopic views Robert J. Sternberg, Roger Tourangeau, and Georgia; Part III. Metaphor and Understanding: Psychological processes in metaphor comprehension and memory Allan Paivio and Mary Walsh; The interpretation of novel metaphors Bruce Fraser; The role of similarity in similes and metaphors Andrew Ortony; Images and models, Similes and Metaphors George A. Miller; How Metaphors Work Sam Glucksberg and Boaz Keysar; Metaphor and irony: two levels of understanding Ellen Winner and Howard Gardner; Part IV. Metaphor and Science: The shift from metaphor to analogy in western science Dedre Gentner and Michael Jeziorski; Metaphor and theory change: What is 'metaphor' a metaphor for? Richard Boyd; Metaphor in science Thomas S. Kuhn; Metaphorical imprecision and the 'top-down' research strategy Zenon W. Pylyshyn; Part V. Metaphor and Education: The instructive metaphor: metaphoric aids to students' understanding of science Richard E. Mayer; Metaphor and learning Hugh G. Petrie and Rebecca S. Oshlag; Learning without metaphor Thomas F. Green; Educational uses of metaphor Thomas G. Sticht; References; Index.

Metaphor and Thought reflects the surge of interest in and research into the nature and function of metaphor in language and thought. This influential book focuses on such fields as philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, linguistics, cognitive and clinical psychology, education and artificial intelligence.