Metabolic and Endocrine Physiology

This book is intended to give readers a “quick look” at metabolic and endocrine physiology. Emphasis is placed on instructional figures, flow diagrams and tables, while text material has been held to a minimum. In general, the endocrine system is first defined and described, and then each endocrine gland is discussed separately. Where appropriate, common endocrine disorders have also been included. This text concisely elucidates the endocrine mechanisms responsible for maintaining homeostatic control of important physiologic variables, and to assist the reader in understanding common pathophysiologic deviations from normal. Over 360 multiple-choice questions gauge the reader’s capacity to effectively understand the subject material.This new edition contains six new chapters covering: hormone disposition, measurement and secretion; bovine, equine and rodent estrus cycles; primate menstrual cycle; male reproductive system; testosterone, estrogen and progesterone; comparative aspects of endocrinology. Learning objectives have been added at the beginning of each chapter and all of the questions are new.

Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine Secretory ControlAutocrine, Paracrine, and Endocrine MediatorsHormone Disposition, Measurement and SecretionProduction & Distribution Volume,Clearance & ImmunoassayMechanisms of Catecholamine and Polypeptide Hormone Action: IReceptors and Second MessengersMechanisms of Catecholamine and Polypeptide Hormone Action: IIThe Intracellular Ca2+/DG Messenger SystemSteroid and Thyroid HormonesMechanisms of ActionHypothalamus and PituitaryDirectors of the Endocrine OrchestraProopiomelanocortin and Related Peptides: IEndogenous Opiate-Like PeptidesProopiomelanocortin and Related Peptides: IIMelanocyte-Stimulating HormoneGrowth Hormone: IActions and Secretory ControlGrowth Hormone: IIHypo- and HypersomatotropismAntidiuretic HormoneVasopressinDiabetes InsipidusCentral and NephrogenicCalciumPhysiologic Actions.Magnesium and phosphatePhysiologic ActionsParathormone, Calcitonin, and Vitamin D: IPTH, PTHrp, and CTParathormone, Calcitonin, and Vitamin D: IICT and 1,25(OH)2DDisorders of Calcium HomeostasisHyper- and HypocalcemiaMineral Imbalances: INa+, K+, PO43, and Mg2+Mineral Imbalances: IIParturient Hypocalcemia and OsteoporosisACTH and Glucocorticoids: ICorticosteroidogenesis and DegradationACTH and Glucocorticoids: IIACTH Secretion and ActionACTH and Glucocorticoids: IIIOrgan and Tissue Effects) 46ACTH and Glucocorticoids: IV (Physiologic and Pharmacologic ActionsCushing's-Like Syndrome and DiseaseGlucocorticoid ExcessMineralocorticoidsEffects on Na+, K+ and H+Renin-Angiotensin System: IThe Juxtaglomerular ApparatusRenin-Angiotensin System: IIHypertensionAddison’s-Like DiseaseHypoadrenocorticismErythropoietinProduction and ActionNatriuretic PeptidesANP, BNP, CNP, and UrodilatinAdrenal Medulla: ICatecholamine Biosynthesis and DegradationAdrenal Medulla: IIAdrenergic Receptors and the Sympathoadrenal ResponsePheochromocytomaCatecholamine-Secreting TumorPhasic Responses to TraumaImmediate, Catabolic, and AnabolicThyroid: IHormone Biosynthesis and Secretory RegulationThyroid: IIMetabolic Effects of Thyroid HormonesHypothyroidismSigns and SymptomsHyperthyroidismSigns and SymptomsEndocrine Pancreas: IThe Islets of LangerhansEndocrine Pancreas: IIRegulation of Insulin ReleaseInsulinActions and DegradationGlucagonBiosynthesis and Metabolic ActionsDiabetes MellitusThe “Pissing Evil"Acute Insulin Withdrawal: ICarbohydrate and Lipid MetabolismAcute Insulin Withdrawal: IIProtein Metabolism and Electrolyte DepletionGastrointestinal Hormones: IIntroduction and Historical PerspectiveGastrointestinal Hormones: IIGastrinsGastrointestinal Hormones: IIIGastric HCl Secretion, and CCKGastrointestinal Hormones: IVSecretin and other GI PeptidesAPUDomasNeuroendocrine Tumors of the Gut)Reproductive EndocrinologyIntroductionEstrous CyclesTypes and PhasesOvine, Canine and Feline Estrous CyclesEndocrine ParametersBovine, Equine and Rodent Estrous CyclesEndocrine ParametersPrimate Menstrual CycleEndocrine ParametersMenstruation and Regulation of Gonadotropin ReleaseControl of the GnRH Pulse GeneratorSpermatogenesis and OvulationGonadotropin ControlMale Reproductive SystemThe Testes and Accessory Sex GlandsTestosterone, Estrogen and ProgesteroneBiosynthesis, Metabolism and FunctionsPineal Gland: IPhotoperiodic Regulation of Reproductive EventsPineal Gland: IINonreproductive Actions of MelatoninPlacental HormonesFertilization, the CL and PlacentaFetal Endocrine System: IThe Fetoplacental UnitFetal Endocrine System: IIGlandular DevelopmentMaternal Endocrine SystemFunctional Alterations during Pregnancy.Maternal Organ SystemsPatterns of ChangeMammary GlandsMammogenesis and LactationProlactinSecretory Control and Physiologic ActionsOxytocinPhysiologic ActionsNeonatal Physiology: IThermal, Nutritional, and Cardiovascular Adaptations)Neonatal Physiology: IIOrgan System DevelopmentComparative Aspects of EndocrinologyAppendixBlood Chemistry Values for Domestic AnimalsReproductive Patterns of Domestic AnimalsBasic Physiological UnitsLearning Objectives,Study Questions and AnswersReferencesIndexContents