Medicinal Plants of Laos

This book provides a description of medicinal plants of Laos, including their role in maintaining healthcare among the population, their potential as a source for new medicinal compounds, their preservation, and their importance for the well-being of the communities for present and future generations. The focus of this book is to draw on the rich culture, folklore, and environment of medicinal plants in the country. This is an opportunity to describe medicinal plants from a scientifically underrepresented area, with the hope of making an important contribution to the knowledge of the region for academics, scientists, and anyone who has interest in Laos. Features Describes terrestrial medicinal plants from a scientifically underrepresented region Includes a wider variety of plants found growing in Laos than has previously been published Discusses past and present research on medicinal plants that may lead to the discovery of new medicines Describes efforts in the preservation of these medicinal plants for present and future generations Focuses on the rich culture, folklore, and environment of medicinal plant in Laos Provides an important contribution to knowledge of the region and will benefit anyone interested in the medicinal plants of Laos

Chapter 1 Introduction: The Country of Laos and Research Leading to This Book Djaja D. Soejarto, Kongmany Sydara, Bethany G. Elkington, Mary Riley, Onevilay Souliya, Mouachanh Xayvue, Bounleuane Douangdeuane Chapter 2 Role of Medicinal Plants in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic Kongmany Sydara, Onevilay Souliya, Mouachanh Xayvue, Bounleuane Douangdeuane, Bethany G. Elkington, Mary Riley, Djaja D. Soejarto Chapter 3 Discovery of New Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants of Laos Djaja D. Soejarto, Yulin Ren, Bethany G. Elkington, Guido Pauli, Joshua M. Henkin, Kongmany Sydara, A. Duglas Kinghorn Chapter 4 Conservation of Medicinal Plants of Laos Djaja D. Soejarto, Kongmany Sydara, Bethany G. Elkington, Bounleuane Douangdeuane, Onevilay Souliya, Mouachanh Xayvue Chapter 5 A Rapid Ethnobotanical Inventory of Medicinal Plants: A Model for Future Conservation Efforts Djaja D. Soejarto, Kongmany Sydara, Bethany G. Elkington, Joshua M. Henkin, Mouachanh Xayvue, Onevilay Souliya Chapter 6 Literature Review and Analysis of Select Medicinal Plants in the MBPs and MPPs James G. Graham, Bethany G. Elkington, Jonathan Bisson, Charlotte Gyllenhaal, Yulin Ren, A. Douglas Kinghorn, Kongmany Sydara, Djaja D. Soejarto Chapter 7 Importance of Engagement with The Communities: Impact on Preserving Medicinal Plants for Future Collections Djaja D. Soejarto, Kongmany Sydara, Mouachanh Xayvue, Onevilay Souliya, Bethany G. Elkington, Mary Riley, Charlotte Gyllenhaal Chapter 8 Summary and Future Prospects Djaja D. Soejarto, Kongmany Sydara, Bethany G. Elkington, Chun-Tao Che, Guido F. Pauli, Charlotte Gyllenhaal, Mary Riley, Bounleuane Douangdeuane

Professor Soejarto Djaja D. Soejarto is Professor Emeritus at UIC, College of Pharmacy and Adjunct Curator in Science and Education, The Field Museum. He earned his Ph.D. degree (Biology/Botany) in 1969 from Harvard University. He served as Fellow of the Latin American Teaching Fellowships, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, in a mission assignment to the Department of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia (1969-1972). In 1969, as a LATF Fellow, he founded the Herbarium of the University of Antioquia (HUA; http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/herbarium-details/?irn=126256). He joined the Department of Biology, first as an Assistant Professor, then Associate Professor in Biology (1972-1976). He served as a postdoctoral Fellow in Ethnopharmacology at Harvard University (1972-1973) under the mentorship of Professor Richard Evans Schultes. After serving as a Consultant to the World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland (1976-1978), he became an Adjunct Associate Professor (1979-1983) in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the College of Pharmacy, UIC, an Associate Professor (1983-1989), then a Full Professor (1989-2015). From 1979 to 2020, he was involved in research on plants and medicinal plants under a multidisciplinary setting at UIC, travelling extensively to many countries to collect plants as part of his collaborative research. He was the Principal Investigator of an NCI contract on Plant Exploration and Collection with UIC (1986-2004) and was the Principal Investigator of a multinational, multidisciplinary program called the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBG) Program of the Fogarty International Center, NIH (1998-2010). The research focus of this ICBG group was drug discovery, biodiversity conservation, and economic development in Vietnam and Laos. Under grants from the CCF (2013-2014; 2019-2023) he carried out research on medicinal plants of Laos and on medicinal plant conservation. He is the author and co-author of more than 200 peer reviewed papers with a focus on plant taxonomy, medicinal plant studies, plant-derived sweetening agents, drug discovery from plants, and conservation of medicinal plants; 22 book chapters; and 26 symposium proceedings. Dr. Soejarto is also an Adjunct Curator in Science and Education at the Field Museum of Natural History. Dr. Sydara Kongmany Sydara is Former Director General of the Institute of Traditional Medicine (ITM) and Invited Lecturer (since 2006) at the University of Health Sciences, Vientiane. From 2014 to 2020 he served as the Director General of the ITM, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR. Before that, he served as the Deputy Director of the Traditional Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Laos, from 1991 to 2014. He completed his Bachelor of Science degree and his Master of Science degree in Biochemical Engineering at the Technical University of Budapest, Hungary. Aside from administrative duties, he has been active in carrying out research on medicinal plants since 1984. As part of the advancement of his work and scientific research, he has also received additional training opportunities in the Republic of Korea, Hungary, Japan, and the United States. Professor Sydara is the author and co-author of many books and peer-reviewed papers focusing on the uses and conservation of medicinal plants of Laos, in both English and Lao languages. Dr. Elkington Bethany G. Elkington is a Research Assistant Professor at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UIC, and a biology instructor at City Colleges of Chicago – Malcolm X College, Chicago, Illinois, USA. She has been studying medicinal plants of Laos since 2005. She earned her Ph.D. degree in Pharmacognosy-Medical Ethnobotany from UIC in 2013, with her dissertation titled "Herbal Treatments for Tuberculosis in Laos: Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Studies." She was a Fulbright Fellow in Laos (2008-2009), and an NIH National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) grantee (2010 – 2013). She also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. She is the author and co-author of more than 20 peer-reviewed papers, books and book chapters, and plant-identification field guides on medicinal plants of Southeast Asia and West Africa. Dr. Elkington has been a scientific affiliate of the Field Museum of Natural History as a student and professional researcher since 2005.