Making Them Move Mechanics, Control & Animation of Articulated Figures

Current computer graphics hardware and software make it possible to synthesize near photo-realistic images, but the simulation of natural-looking motion of articulated figures remains a difficult
and challenging task. Skillfully rendered animation of humans, animals, and robots can delight and move us, but simulating their realistic motion holds great promise for many other applications as well, including ergonomic engineering design, clinical diagnosis of pathological movements, rehabilitation therapy, and biomechanics.
"Making Them Move" presents the work of leading researchers in computer graphics, psychology, robotics and mechanical engineering who were invited to attend the Workshop on the Mechanics, Control and Animation of Articulated
Figures held at the MIT Media Lab in April 1989. The book explores biological and robotic motor control, as well as state-of-the-art computer
graphics techniques for simulating human and animal figures in a natural and physically realistic manner.

Making Them Move: Mechanics, Control, and Animation of Articulated Figures Edited by Norman I. Badler, Brian A. Barsky, and David Zeltzer PART ONE -- INTERACTING WITH ARTICULATED FIGURES Chapter 1 Task-level Graphical Simulation: Abstraction, Representation, and Control David Zeltzer Chapter 2 Composition of Realistic Animation Sequences for Multiple Human Figures Tom Calvert Chapter 3 Animation from Instructions Norman I. Badler, Bonnie L. Webber, Jugal Kalita, and Jeffrey EsakovPART TWO -- ARTIFICIAL AND BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS FOR MOTOR CONTROL ARTIFICIAL MOTOR PROGRAMS Chapter 4 A Robot that Walks: Emergent Behaviors from a Carefully Evolved Network Rodney A. Brooks BIOLOGICAL MOTOR PROGRAMS Chapter 5 Sensory Elements in Pattern-Generating Networks K.G. Pearson Chapter 6 Motor Programs as Units of Movement Control Douglas E. Young and Richard A. Schmidt Chapter 7 Dynamics and Task-specific Coordinations M.T. Turvey, Elliot Saltzman, and R.C. Schmidt Chapter 8 Dynamic Pattern Generation and Recognition J.A.S. Kelso and A.S. Pandya LEARNING MOTOR PROGRAMS Chapter 9 A Computer System for Movement Schemas Peter H. Greene and Dan SolomonPART THREE -- MOTION CONTROL ALGORITHMS Chapter 10 Constrained Optimization of Articulated Animal Movement in Computer Animation Michael Girard Chapter 11 Goal-directed Animation of Tubular Articulated Figures or How Snakes Play Golf Gavin Miller Chapter 12 Human Body Deformations Using Joint-dependent Local Operators and Finite-Element Theory Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and Daniel ThalmannPART FOUR -- COMPUTING THE DYNAMICS OF MOTION Chapter 13 Dynamic Experiences Jane Wilhelms Chapter 14 Using Dynamics in Computer Animation: Control and Solution Issues Mark Green Chapter 15 Teleological Modeling Alan H. BarrAppendix A: Video Notes Appendix B: About the Authors Index

Norman Badler, Brian Barsky, David Zeltzer