Innovation in TBM Traffic Tunnels

Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) constructed tunnels are widespread, and can deliver significant environmental and cost benefits. However, as noted in the noteworthy examples of TBM traffic tunnels presented in this book, there are still important challenges associated with them, linked in particular to structural safety in the event of earthquakes, as well as cost and safety issues during operation. To face these challenges, Innovation in TBM Traffic Tunnels presents three innovative concepts in the field of construction of TBM rail and road tunnels: the TISB concept that improves the structural safety of those built on soft soil in seismic areas, and the TMG and TMF concepts, for rail and road tunnels, respectively, that allow for significant reduction of their cost and the improvement of safety during operation. Examples of the application of these new concepts in the conceptual design of specific tunnel cases are presented and compared with solutions based on common approaches, demonstrating the additional benefits of these concepts. The book also draws attention to other innovations in TBM tunnelling that may improve the construction of tunnels in the future, especially when using the concepts mentioned above. Innovation in TBM Traffic Tunnels is aimed at professionals involved in the planning, design, and construction of tunnels for transport infrastructure, including authorities, consultants and construction companies, worldwide.

Chapter 1 The world of tunnellingAbstract1.1 Introduction1.2 Brief history of tunnelling 1.3 Purpose of tunnels1.4 Tunnel construction techniques1.5 Landmarks in tunnel construction1.6 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 2TBM tunnelsAbstract2.1 Introduction 2.2 Development of the TBMs2.3 Construction of tunnels with TBMs2.4 Types of TBMs2.5 The race for the Mega TBMs2.6 Thickness of the precast segments of TBM tunnels2.7 Efficiency index of the cross-section of TBM road tunnels2.8 Construction costs of TBM railway and road tunnels2.9 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 3Safety of traffic tunnelsAbstract3.1 Introduction3.2 Safety of railway tunnels3.3 Safety of road tunnels3.4 Cross-section of railway tunnels3.5 Cross-section of road tunnels3.6 Emergency exits3.7 Ventilation systems3.8 Fire-fighting systems3.9 Safety in operation3.10 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 4Current concepts in TBM traffic tunnels and noteworthy examplesAbstract4.1 Introduction4.2 TBM railway tunnels4.3 TBM road tunnels4.3.1 Current concepts in TBM road tunnels4.3.2 Dual-tube unidirectional tunnels4.3.3 Mono-tube double-deck unidirectional tunnels4.4 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 5The TISB, TMG and TMF conceptsAbstract5.1 Introduction5.2 Main challenges in TBM traffic tunnels5.3 The TISB, TMG and TMF concepts5.4 Tunnelling based on TISB, TMG and TMF concepts5.5 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 6Rehabilitation of a TBM tunnel on soft ground in a seismic area based on the TISB conceptAbstract6.1 Introduction6.2 Characteristics of the tunnel6.3 The incident 6.4 The rehabilitation process6.5 Alternative solution based on the TISB concept6.6 Structural verifications 6.6.1 Static behaviour6.6.2 Seismic behaviour6.7 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 7TBM tunnels for high-speed railway lines (HSRL) based on the TMG conceptAbstract7.1 Introduction7.2 TBM tunnel concepts in HSRL7.3 TBM tunnels for HSRL based on the TMG concept7.4 Application in a railway tunnel at the HSRL Lisbon-Porto7.5 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 8TBM tunnel solution for a road crossing on soft ground in a seismic area based on the TISB and TMF conceptsAbstract8.1 Introduction8.2 Options for the Algés-Trafaria crossing8.3 TBM tunnel solution based on the TISB and TMF concepts8.4 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 9TBM tunnel solution for a large mixed rail and road crossing based on the TMG and TMF conceptsAbstract9.1 Introduction9.2 The Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link9.3 The Immersed tunnel solution9.4 The Basic TBM tunnel solution9.5 Comparison between the Immersed tunnel solution and the basic TBM tunnel solution9.6 Alternative TBM tunnel solution based on the TMG and TMF concepts9.7 Comparison between the Immersed tunnel solution and the alternative TBM tunnel solution9.8 ConclusionsReferences Chapter 10Conclusions and future perspectivesAbstract10.1 Main conclusions 10.2 Future perspectives10.3 Final remarksReferences

Silvino Pompeu-Santos graduated in Civil Engineering from the University of Lisbon in 1974. In 1983 obtained his PhD degree and in 1995 became Research Director at LNEC (National Laboratory of Civil Engineering) in Lisbon. In 2013, he founded the consulting office SPS Consulting, of which he is the main partner and the Managing Director. Professional activity developed in the area of structures, mainly concrete and masonry, and in the rehabilitation of heritage buildings. In recent years, expansion to other areas, namely tunnels (several patents at national and European level), and planning of transport infrastructures and spatial planning. Author of hundreds of papers and reports, as well as dozens of lectures, and author/editor of several books on his fields of interest. Chairman of the CIB (International Council for Construction) Commission Wall Structures between 1996 and 2014, he was awarded the CIB PC Commendation in 2006. Vice President of IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering) between 1999 and 2007, in 2013 he was elected Honorary Member of IABSE. Member of FIB (International Federation for Structural Concrete) and of FIB/TG1.4-Tunnels, of which he is the Convenor of WP1.4.2- Openings in Walls of Tunnels.