Hybrid Simulation Theory, Implementation and Applications

Hybrid Simulation deals with a rapidly evolving technology combining computer simulation (typically finite element) and physical laboratory testing of two complementary substructures. It is a cost effective alternative to shaking table test, and allows for the improved understanding of complex coupled systems. Traditionally, numerical simulation and physical tests have been uncoupled and performed separately. In this simulation paradigm the coupled nature of the simulation allows for improved understanding, and more efficient design since the factor of safety does not have to be arbitrarily inflated to account for uncertainties of uncoupling. It is a multidisciplinary technology which relies heavily on control theory, computer science, numerical techniques and finds applications in aerospace, civil, and mechanical engineering.

Foreword. Introduction. Theory. Hybrid simulation: A historical perspective. Trajectory exploration approach to hybrid simulation. Integration schemes for real-time hybrid testing . Assessment of experimental errors in hybrid simulation. Hard versus soft real time hybrid simulations:. Variations in physical test equipment and computer simulation tools for civil structural hybrid simulation . Real-time hybrid experimental system with actuator delay compensation. Laboratory facilities. Continuous pseudo-dynamic testing at ELSA. Hybrid testing facilities in Korea. NEES@Lehigh: Real-time hybrid pseudodynamic testing of large-scale structures. CU-NEES fast hybrid testing facility. Real-time substructure testing on distributed shaking tables. Networked hybrid simulation of large-scale structures in Taiwan. Real time substructuring in the UK . Applications. UI-SIMCOR: A global platform for hybrid distributed simulation. Real-time hybrid simulation of a seismically excited structure with large-scale Magneto-Rheological fluid dampers. Hybrid simulation at CRIEPI: Applications to soil structure interaction. Hybrid simulations of nonlinear reinforced concrete frames. Hybrid testing in aerospace and ground vehicle development. Hybrid testing & simulation—the next step in verification of mechanical requirements in the aerospace industry. Subject index. .

Victor Saouma, Mettupulayam Sivaselvan