Health and the Gut The Emerging Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Disease and Therapeutics

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.The study of the intestinal ecosystem of bacteria in the human gut—the gut microbiome—is a new field that is rapidly evolving. This book serves as an introduction to some of the new and exciting research that is being done in this field. Included are chapters that examine the following: • Gut microbiome’s roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and autoimmune disease• The effect of nutrition on the richness of the microbial community• The stability of the microbiome to various stressors• Emerging ways to diagnose diseases using the microbiome• Exciting prospects for using these microbes to cure diseaseThis easily accessible reference volume offers a comprehensive guide to this relatively new field of study. Edited by a researcher from Yale University, Health and the Gut: The Emerging Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Disease and Therapeutics is an authoritative and easy-to-use reference, ideal for both researchers in the field and those who wish to gain more information about the impact of gut microbiota on human health.

IntroductionPart I: Introduction: The Rainforest in the GutNutrition, Microbiomes, and Intestinal Inflammation; Suzanne Devkota and Eugene B. ChangPart II: Microbiome's Role in ObesityGut Microbiota: In Sickness and in Health; M. José Huertas, and Carmen MichánMicrobial Reprogramming Inhibits Western Diet-Associated Obesity; Theofilos Poutahidis, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Christopher Smillie, Tatiana Levkovich, Alison Perrotta, Siddheshvar Bhela, Bernard J. Varian,Yassin M. Ibrahim, Jessica R. Lakritz, Sean M. Kearney, Antonis Chatzigiagkos, David A. Hafler, Eric J. Alm, Susan E. ErdmanIncreased Gut Permeability and Microbiota Change Associate with Mesenteric Fat Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction in Diet-Induced Obese Mice; Yan Y. Lam, Connie W. Y. Ha, Craig R. Campbell, Andrew J. Mitchell, Anuwat Dinudom, Jan Oscarsson, David I. Cook, Nicholas H. Hunt, Ian D. Caterson, Andrew J. Holmes, and Len H. StorlienBacteroides uniformis CECT 7771 Ameliorates Metabolic and Immunological Dysfunction in Mice with High-Fat-Diet Induced Obesity; Paola Gauffin Cano, Arlette Santacruz, Ángela Moya, and Yolanda SanzSupplementation of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 in Diet-Induced Obese Mice is Associated with Gut Microbial Changes and Reduction in Obesity; Do-Young Park, Young-Tae Ahn, Se-Hoon Park, Chul-Sung Huh, Sae-Rom Yoo, Rina Yu, Mi-Kyung Sung, Robin A. McGregor, and Myung-Sook ChoiPart III: Inflammation and Innate ImmunityAntimicrobial Peptides and Gut Microbiota in Homeostasis and Pathology; Maureen J. Ostaff, Eduard Friedrich Stange, and Jan WehkampMatrix Metalloproteinase 13 Modulates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Integrity in Inflammatory Diseases by Activating TNF; Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Eline Dejonckheere, Filip Van Hauwermeiren, SofieLodens, Riet De Rycke, Elien Van Wonterghem, An Staes, Kris Gevaert, Carlos López-Otin, and Claude LibertPart IV: Nutrition's Effect on the MicrobiomeImpact of a Synbiotic Food on the Gut Microbial Ecology and Metabolic Profiles; Beatrice Vitali, Maurice Ndagijimana, Federica Cruciani, Paola Carnevali, Marco Candela, Maria Elisabetta Guerzoni, and Patrizia BrigidiDiet-Microbiota Interactions and their Implications for Healthy Living; Ian B. Jeffery and Paul W. O’Toole Part V: Using the Microbiome to Identify and Cure DiseasePrebiotics, Faecal Transplants and Microbial Network Units to Stimulate Biodiversity of the Human Gut Microbiome; Pieter Van den Abbeele, Willy Verstraete, Sahar El Aidy, Annelies Geirnaert, and Tom Van de WieleMicrobiota and Healthy Aging: Observational and Nutritional Intervention Studies; Harald BrüssowGut Pharmacomicrobiomics: The Tip of an Iceberg of Complex Interactions between Drugs and Gut-Associated Microbes; Rama Saad, Mariam R. Rizkallah, and Ramy K. AzizFame and Future of Fecal Transplantations: Developing Next-Generation Therapies with Synthetic Microbiomes; Willem M. de VosIndex

William Olds is a graduate student at Yale University in the laboratory of Tian Xu. His work focuses on satiety signals from the gut and how that communication to the brain breaks down in the pathogenesis of obesity.