Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation Parks and Game Ranches to Transfrontier Conservation Areas

The crucible of innovation in wildlife and habitat conservation is in southern Africa where it has co-evolved with decolonization, political transformation and the rise of development, ownership, management and livelihood debates. Charting this innovation, early chapters of this volume deal with the traditional 'fines and fences' conservation that occurred in the colonial and early post-independence period, with subsequent sections focussing on the experimentation and innovation that occurred on private and communal land as a result of the break from these traditional methods. The final section deals with more recent innovations in the sector, focussing on building and strengthening the relationships between parks and society. Importantly, the book provides a data-rich summary of experimentation with more inclusive models of conservation in terms of ecological, social, political and economic indicators. Published with the Southern African Sustainable Use Specialist Group (SASUSG) of IUCN.

Part 1: Overview 1. Conservation in Transition Part 2: History of State-led Conservation 2. The Emergence of Parks and Conservation Narratives in Southern Africa 3. National Parks in South Africa 4. The Growth of Park Conservation in Botswana 5. The Emergence of Modern Conservation Practice in Zimbabwe 6. Protected Areas in Mozambique Part 3: Conservation on Private Land 7. Private Conservation in southern Africa: Practice and emerging Principles 8. Game Ranching in Namibia 9. Game Ranching in Zimbabwe 10. Extensive Wildlife Production on Private Land in South Africa 11. Save Valley Conservancy: A Large-scale African Experiment in Cooperative Wildlife Management Part 4: Community-based Natural Resource Management 12. Community Conservation in Southern Africa: Rights-based Natural Resource Management 13. The Performance of CAMPFIRE in Zimbabwe 1989-2006 14. CBNRM in Namibia: Growth, Trends, Lessons and Constraints 15. CBNRM in Botswana 16. CBNRM in Mozambique: The Challenges of Sustainability Part 5: Integrating Wildlife and Parks into the Social Landscape 17. Recent Innovations in Conservation 18. Changing Institutions to Respond to Challenges: North West Parks, South Africa 19. Making Conservation Work: Innovative Approaches to Meeting Conservation and Socio-economic Objectives (an Example from the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa 20. Table Mountain National Park 21. A Network of Marine Protected Areas in Mozambique 22. Towards Transformation: Contractual National Parks in South Africa 23. Transfrontier Conservation Initiatives in Southern Africa: Observations from the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area 24. Making 'Conventional' Parks Relevant to All of Society: The Case of SANParks 25. Privately Managed Protected Areas Part 6: Conclusions 26: ~Innovations in State, Private and Communal Conservation

Helen Suich is a development and resource economist, policy adviser, project manager. Brian Child is Associate Professor in the Geography Department at the University of Florida, USA and editor of Parks in Transition (2004). Anna Spenceley is editor of Responsible Tourism (2008).