Environmental Life Cycle Costing

Although life cycle costing is touted as one of the three pillars of sustainability, few texts have explored the environmental side of such assessments. Defining and illustrating this rapidly growing field, this book provides the fundamental basis on which to establish a clear methodology in this area. The editors present the link between life cycle costing and life cycle assessment. Exploring public, private, and societal options, the text also includes several case studies and explains all components of the method with reference to a single example. Simply put, this book serves as a teaching tool that responds to a current need for clarification and benchmarks of life cycle costing.

Balances Scientific and Economic Points of View to Thoroughly Address Management Issues Responding to the need for clarification and benchmarks, Environmental Life Cycle Costing provides the fundamental basis on which to establish a definitive methodology. Clearly defining environmental LCC, this book balances scientific and economic points of view and thoroughly addresses the management perspective. Demonstrates the Process From Problem Definition to Analysis, to Presentation The book focuses on environmental LCC but also analyzes conventional LCC and societal LCC, providing case studies for each. It presents the link between life cycle costing and life cycle assessment and then explores public, private, and societal options. The book also explains all components of the method using the cross-cutting example of a washing machine. It also provides categorizations that permit the method to be adapted or streamlined as a function of the time available to the practitioner. Case study boxes demonstrate the process for carrying out an LCC, from problem definition to analysis and ultimate presentation to the decision maker. Experts Integrate Conventional Thinking with Emerging Ideas Environmental LCC summarizes all costs associated with the life cycle of a product regardless of who bears those costs. It includes present and future money flows as well as those to be internalized in the decision relevant future. A collaboration of experts at the forefront of research, this book ties conventional thinking on life cycle costs into emerging theory and practice by including environmental and social cost analyses and linking LCC to the environmental and social pillars of sustainability.

A Dialog, over Coffee, about Life Cycle Costing Executive Summary Three Categories of Life Cycle Costing System Boundaries in Environmental Life Cycle Costing Example Calculations in Environmental Life Cycle Costing History of Life Cycle Costing, Its Categorization, and Its Basic Framework, K. Lichtenvort, G. Rebitzer, G. Huppes, A. Ciroth, S. Seuring, W.P. Schmidt, E. Günther, H. Hoppe, T. Swarr, and D. Hunkeler History and Development of Conventional LCC Types of LCC Two Key Limitations of LCC to Be Tackled by Environmental LCC The Requirement and General Framework for Environmental Life Cycle Costing Modelling for Life Cycle Costing, G. Huppes, A. Ciroth, K. Lichtenvort, G. Rebitzer, W.-P. Schmidt, and S. Seuring Introduction Cost Models Cost Categories Cost Bearers Uncertainties and Inconsistencies in Cost Data Cost Aggregation Environmental LCC, G. Rebitzer and S. Nakamura Objectives of Environmental LCC System Boundaries and Scope Calculating Life Cycle Costs based on the Process LCI of LCA Environmental LCC in Relationto Conventional and Societal LCC Calculating Life Cycle Costs Based on Hybrid LCA Integrating External Effects into LCC, B. Steen, H. Hoppe, D. Hunkeler, K. Lichtenvort, W.-P. Schmidt, and E. Spindler Introduction Definition, Identification, and Categorization of Externalities Monetization Internalizing Externalities LCC in Life Cycle Management, T. Swarr and D. Hunkeler Corporate Perspective Integrating LCC into Management Continuous Product Improvement A Survey of Current LCC Studies, A. Ciroth, K. Verghese, and C. Trescher Intention Relation of This Chapter to the Other Chapters Parameters and Settings of LCC Studies in Practice Sampling Procedure of Studies for the Survey Summary of Results Outlook: Toward an LCC Case Study Library Analysis of the Survey’s Results Conclusions and Questions Life Cycle Costing Case Studies, A. Ciroth, C.-O. Gensch, E. Günther, H. Hoppe, D. Hunkeler, G. Huppes, K. Lichtenvort, K. Ludvig, B. Notarnicola, A. Pelzeter, M.Prox, G. Rebitzer, I. Rüdenauer, and K. Verghese Introduction Organic versus Conventional Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Waste Water Treatment Light Bulb: Comparison of Energy-Saving and Incandescent Lamps Double-Deck Carriage Floor (BAHNKREIS Project) Washing Machine Hypothetical Case: A High-Capacity Glass Cable Network for Data Transmission Passenger Car Life Cycle Costs of Real Estate Conclusions Three Types of Life Cycle Costing Temporal Aspects and Discounting of LCC Results Learnings from Applied LCC Carried Out to Date State of the Art and Rules of Thumb in Carrying Out Life Cycle Costing Role of Environmental Life Cycle Costing in Sustainability Assessment, W. Klöpffer Sustainability Discussion Appendices Appendix to Case Study Boxes Appendix to Chapter 4: Social Impacts Appendix to Chapter 6: Survey Form Glossary References Index