Early Investigations of Ceres and the Discovery of Pallas Historical Studies in Asteroid Research

An asteroid scholar, Cunningham in this book picks up where his Discovery of the First Asteroid, Ceres left off in telling the story of the impact created by the discovery of this new class of object in the early 1800s. The best and brightest minds of mathematics, science, and philosophy were fascinated by Ceres, and figures as diverse as Gauss, Herschel, Brougham, Kant, and Laplace all contributed something to the conversation. The first few chapters deal with the mathematical and philosophical aspects of the discovery, and the rivalry between Germany and France that so affected science and astronomy of that era. The jockeying for glory over the discovery of Ceres by both Piazzi and Bode is examined in detail, as is the reception given to Herschel’s use of the word 'asteroid.' Archival research that reveals the creator of the word 'asteroid' is presented in this book.

 

Astronomy was a truly cosmopolitan field at the time, spanning across various disciplines, and the discovery of Pallas, a story completely told in these pages, exemplifies the excitement and drama of early 1800s astronomy. All the private correspondence about the study of Ceres and Pallas in 1802 is given here, which helps to contextualize and personalize the discovery.

 

The Triumph of the Human Intellect.- France vs Germany.- Hegel and Ceres.- Piazzi's Deception.- Herschel's New Dynasty.- Origins of the Asteroids.- The Scientific Papers about Ceres.- Biographies.

Clifford J. Cunningham earned his Ph.D. in the history of astronomy at the University of Southern Queensland in Australia, and he is a research associate with the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand. His undergraduate degrees in physics and classical studies were earned at the University of Waterloo in Canada. He has written or edited 14 books on the history of astronomy, and his papers have appeared in many major journals, including Annals of Science, Journal for the History of Astronomy, Culture & Cosmos, Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, The Asian Journal of Physics, and Renaissance and Reformation. He is associate editor of the Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, where several of his asteroid research papers have been published. He is also a contributor to Encyclopedia Britannica, and since 2001 has been the history of astronomy columnist for Mercury magazine. Asteroid (4276) was named Clifford in his honour by the International Astronomical Union based on the recommendation of its bureau the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.