Democratization of Intelligence

This comparative analysis of the sometimes fraught process of achieving democratic governance of security intelligence agencies presents material from countries other than those normally featured in the Intelligence Studies literature of North America and Europe. Some of the countries examined are former Communist countries and several in Latin America are former military regimes. Others have been democratic for a long time but still experience widespread political violence. Through a mix of single-country and comparative studies, major aspects of intelligence are considered, including the legacy of, and transition from, authoritarianism; the difficulties of achieving genuine reform; and the apparent inevitability of periodic scandals. Authors consider a range of methodological approaches to the study of intelligence and the challenges of analysing the secret world. Finally, consideration is given to the success – or otherwise – of intelligence reform, and the effectiveness of democratic institutions of control and oversight. This book was originally published as a special issue of Intelligence and National Security.

1. Comparing the Democratization of Intelligence Michael M. Andregg and Peter Gill 2. Comparing the Democratization of Intelligence Governance in East Central Europe and the Balkans Marina Caparini 3. Intelligence, Crisis, and Democracy: Institutional Punctuations in Brazil, Colombia, South Africa, and India Marco Cepik and Christiano Ambros 4. Comparing Intelligence Democratization in Latin America: Argentina, Peru, and Ecuador Cases Eduardo E. Estévez 5. The Spies Who Came from the Tropics: Intelligence Services and Democracy in Brazil Joanisval Brito Gonçalves 6. Democratic Oversight in Fragile States: The Case of Intelligence Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina Helge Lurås 7. Balancing Democratic Civilian Control with Effectiveness of Intelligence in Romania: Lessons Learned and Best/Worst Practices Before and After NATO and EU Integration Florina Cristiana (Cris) Matei

Peter Gill is Honorary Senior Research Fellow at the University of Liverpool, UK. He was previously Research Professor in Intelligence Studies at the University of Salford, UK. He was awarded a Leverhulme Emeritus Fellowship in 2010 and is preparing Intelligence Governance and Democratisation: a comparative analysis of the limits of reform, to be published by Routledge in 2016. Michael Andregg is an adjunct professor in the Justice and Peace Studies Department at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. He has also taught at the University of Minnesota, USA, where he now designs new graduate courses, like "Searching for Wisdom".