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yadin aharon - computer systems architecture

Computer Systems Architecture




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Dettagli

Genere:Libro
Lingua: Inglese
Pubblicazione: 09/2016
Edizione: 1° edizione





Note Editore

Computer Systems Architecture provides IT professionals and students with the necessary understanding of computer hardware. It addresses the ongoing issues related to computer hardware and discusses the solutions supplied by the industry. The book describes trends in computing solutions that led to the current available infrastructures, tracing the initial need for computers to recent concepts such as the Internet of Things. It covers computers’ data representation, explains how computer architecture and its underlying meaning changed over the years, and examines the implementations and performance enhancements of the central processing unit (CPU). It then discusses the organization, hierarchy, and performance considerations of computer memory as applied by the operating system and illustrates how cache memory significantly improves performance. The author proceeds to explore the bus system, algorithms for ensuring data integrity, input and output (I/O) components, methods for performing I/O, various aspects relevant to software engineering, and nonvolatile storage devices, such as hard drives and technologies for enhancing performance and reliability. He also describes virtualization and cloud computing and the emergence of software-based systems’ architectures. Accessible to software engineers and developers as well as students in IT disciplines, this book enhances readers’ understanding of the hardware infrastructure used in software engineering projects. It enables readers to better optimize system usage by focusing on the principles used in hardware systems design and the methods for enhancing performance.




Sommario

Introduction and Historic PerspectiveINTRODUCTION AND HISTORIC PERSPECTIVEThe First Computers The First Computers’ Attributes The von Neumann Architecture Computers’ Evolution Moore’s Law Classification of Computers Historic Perspective The Personal Computer Computer Networks 1970s Computers: The First Mainframes 1980s Computers: The Last Mainframes The Network Is the Computer Network Computers Computing Attributes Terminal Services Client Server Additional "Computers" Key Takeaway Data Representation DATA REPRESENTATIONNumerical Systems Decimal Numbering System Other Numbering Systems Binary System Representing Real Numbers Converting Natural Numbers Converting Fractions Negative Numbers Representation Range of Numbers Computer’s Arithmetic Additions and Subtractions Floating Point Scientific Notation 754 STANDARD Range of Floating-Point Numbers Special Numbers Converting 754 Numbers Adding Floating-Point Numbers Multiplying Floating-Point Numbers Decimal Numbers Representations Key Takeaway Hardware Architecture HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE Computer Generations Computer Classification Computer Systems Processor Key Takeaway The Central Processing Unit PART I: THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT Registers Stack-Based Architecture Accumulator-Based Architecture Memory-Register Architecture Register-Register Architecture Architecture Summary Processor Paths Instructions Execution Performance The Processor’s Internal Clock The "Iron Law" of Processor Performance CYCLES PER INSTRUCTION-BASED METRIC Performance Estimation Benchmark Programs Calculating and Presenting the Results Obtained Key Takeaway PART II: THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT Amdahl’s Law Processors’ Types CISC Technology RISC Technology Instruction-Level Parallelism Instruction-Level Parallelism Problems Instruction-Level Parallelism Hazards Data Hazards Resources’ Access Conflicts Hazards Dynamic Scheduling Scoreboarding Performance Enhancements Branch Prediction Loop Buffer Key Takeaway Memory MEMORY Memory Sizes Memory Organization Running Programs Estimating the Processor’s Utilization Partitions Virtual Memory Paging Segments Swap Memory Performance Memory Organization Memory Technologies Key Takeaway Cache Memory CACHE MEMORY Hit Rate Miss Penalty Address Translation Multiple Processor Architectures Key Takeaway Bus BUS The Bus Principle The Bus EvolutionHard Drive Buses The Serial Bus Extending the Bus Concept Bus Expansion beyond the System BoundariesReliability Aspects Hamming Codes Key Takeaway Input and Output INPUT AND OUTPUT Methods for Performing I/O Operating System Considerations I/O Buffering I/O and Performance Key Takeaway Storage MASS STORAGE Storage Devices Disk Structure Disk Speed Disk Capacity Performance Enhancements Solid State Disk (SSD) Access Algorithms Disk Controller Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks Storage Attached Network (SAN) Network Attached Storage (NAS) Key Takeaway Additional Architectures ADDITIONAL ARCHITECTURES Computer Classification Grid Computing Service-Oriented Architecture Web Services Cloud Computing Virtualization Key Takeaway Software Architectures SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES Software Architecture The Prearchitectural Era Client/Server Architecture Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Architecture Layered Architecture Tier Architecture Object-Oriented Architecture Service-Oriented Architecture CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture Component Object Model (COM) and Distributed COM (DCOM) Java RMI and Java Beans Java 2 Enterprise Edition Aspect-Oriented Architecture Additional Architectures Key Takeaway References Bibliography Glossary




Autore

Aharon Yadin is a senior lecturer at Yezreel Valley College. He has over 40 years of IT experience encompassing systems analysis and design, systems architecture design and configuration, the analysis of current and emerging trends in software and hardware technologies, IT project management, benchmarking, system performance and evaluation, and the commercialization of research results. He is the author of dozens of papers and nine instructional books covering various areas of computing.










Altre Informazioni

ISBN:

9781482231052

Condizione: Nuovo
Collana: Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing
Dimensioni: 10 x 7 in Ø 2.25 lb
Formato: Copertina rigida
Illustration Notes:272 color images and 56 color tables
Pagine Arabe: 445
Pagine Romane: xxii


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