Chemical and Energy Process Engineering

Emphasizing basic mass and energy balance principles, Chemical and Energy Process Engineering prepares the next generation of process engineers through an exemplary survey of energy process engineering, basic thermodynamics, and the analysis of energy efficiency. By emphasizing the laws of thermodynamics and the law of mass/matter conservation, the author builds a strong foundation for performing industrial process engineering calculations. The book’s systematic treatment applies these core principles on a macro-level scale, allowing for more manageable calculations. The development of new processes is demanding and exciting. The instruction within these pages enables engineers to understand and analyze existing processes and primes them for participation in the development of new ones.

Notation, concepts and numbers Notation Always check the units! Some conversion factors Some important numbers Some important concepts Unit operations Batch and continuous process A little about economy Some fun and useful energy exercises Global energy consumption Derivation of balance equations The balance principle The balance equation Mass balances without accumulation Recycle Systematic formulation and solution of mass balances Use of spreadsheet program Examples of recycle without reaction Flash calculations Summary: Procedure for deriving balance equations Degrees of freedom and solvability Simulation versus design Summary Mass balances with reaction Introduction The component balance Steady-state component balance Conversion and extent of reaction Selectivity and yield Reaction and recycle Atomic balances Independent reactions and matrix formulation Reaction with chemical equilibrium Summary The energy balance The general energy balance (open system) Energy forms Work forms Alternative formulations of the energy balance Calculation of enthalpy Energy balance for mixing processes Valve: Isenthalpic pressure relief Real fluids: Thermodynamic state diagrams Energy balance with chemical reaction Energy balance with kinetic and potential energy Summary of energy balance Heat exchange Introduction Calculation (design) of heat exchangers Simulation of heat exchangers Compression and expansion Introduction Compression (increase of pressure) Expansion in turbine Reversible shaft work Reversible shaft work for ideal gas Actual work and examples Pump work Compression and expansion of real gases Entropy and equilibrium The laws of thermodynamics Calculation of entropy Equilibrium Introduction to vapor/liquid equilibrium Flash calculations Work from heat Thermodynamics Heat engine and the first law Heat engine and the second law Reverse heat engine: Refrigeration and heat pump Efficiency Ideal work and exergy Gas power plant Summary Mechanical energy balance The "regular" energy balance Mechanical energy Reversible shaft work and friction The mechanical energy balance Compressible flow in pipe (gases) A remark on friction Summary Chemical reaction engineering Reaction kinetics Reactor calculations and reactor design Process dynamics Introduction Modeling: Dynamic balances Dynamic analysis and time response Linearization Dynamic simulation with examples Process control Summary Appendices Some thermodynamics and physical chemistry More thermodynamics: Entropy and equilibrium Differential balances: Examples Summary of the whole book Additional problems Data Solutions to starred exercises Index