Biological Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Applications

Biological Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Applications gives insight into the synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing the natural routes. It demonstrates various strategies for the synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing plants, microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae and so forth. It orchestrates interdisciplinary hypothesis, ideas, definitions, models and discoveries associated with complex cell of the prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Highlights: Discusses biological approach towards the nanoparticle synthesis Describes the role of nanotechnology in the field of medicine and its medical devices Covers application and usage of the chemicals at the molecular level to act as catalysts and binding products for both organic and inorganic Chemical Reactions Reviews application in physics such as solar cells, photovoltaics and other usage Microorganisms can aggregate and detoxify substantial metals because of different reductase enzymes, which can diminish metal salts to metal nanoparticles. The readers after going through this book will have detailed account of mechanism of bio-synthesis of nanoparticles.

Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Editors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi Chapter 1 General Introduction and History of Nanotechnology Morphology and Types of Nanoparticles: Shape, Size, and Morphology of Polymer-Based Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Anand Mohanam and Duraibabu Dhanapal Chapter 2 Methods for Characterizing Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Veena Ramesh, S. Melvin Samuel and Ethiraj Selvarajan Chapter 3 Bacterial Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Reshma B Nambiar, Anand Babu Perumal, Periyar Selvam Sellamuthu and Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku Chapter 4 Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles from Fungi: A Biosynthesis Approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Babu Gajendran, Krishnapriya M. Varier, Wuling Liu, Yao Yao, Jegadeesh Raman, Yaacov Ben-David, Yanmei Li and Arulvasu Chinnasamy Chapter 5 Plant-Based Synthesis Processes for the Production of Metal and Nonmetal Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Ezilrani Panneerselvam, Charles Lekhya Priya, Jayachandra Kuncha, K Venugopal, Hemant Mahadeo Kanwalkar, Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi and Atul C Chaskar Chapter 6 Green Synthesized Nanoparticles from Marine Microbes and Their Biomedical Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Neethu Kamarudheen, Anwesha Sarkar and K.V. Bhaskara Rao Chapter 7 Biological Synthesis and Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Kumar Rajendran Chapter 8 Silver Nanoparticles: Biological Synthesis and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Pushpamalar Janarthanan, Thenapakiam Sathasivam, Tan Hui Li, Nuraina Anisa Dahlan and Ragul Paramasivam Chapter 9 Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapeutic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Villingiri Yasothamani and Raju Vivek Chapter 10 Biogenic Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Environmental Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 R Manikandan, R Kavitha, Weisong Pan, M Elanchezhian and S Selvakumar Chapter 11 Mechanistic Insights into the Potentiation of Photodynamic Therapy by Nano Weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 R Mala, N Hari Prasath and A.S Ruby Celsia Chapter 12 Application of Biosynthesized Nanoparticles in Food, Food Packaging and Dairy Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Anand Babu Perumal, Reshma B Nambiar, Periyar Selvam Sellamuthu and Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku Chapter 13 Delivery of Peptides, Peptones and Proteins for Specific Intracellular Trafficking through Targeted Nanoparticles: Nanoparticle-assisted Cancer Drug Delivery Regimes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Babu Gajendran, Krishnapriya M Varier, Wuling Liu, Yao Yao, Yaacov Ben-David, Yanmei Li and Arulvasu Chinnasamy Chapter 14 Role of Nanoparticle in Cosmetics Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Ikram Ahmad, Awais Ahmad, Shafia Iftekhar, Sadia Khalid, Akasha Aftab and Syed Abbas Raza Chapter 15 Applications of Nanoparticles in Cancer Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Subramaniyam Ravichandran, Varun Bansal and Kyeong Kyu Kim Chapter 16 Biocompatible Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffold for Oral Cancer Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Elakkiya Thangaraju and Duraibabu Dhanapal Chapter 17 Biosynthesized Nanoparticles for Water Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Prathna T.C. Chapter 18 Biosynthesized Nanomaterials: Hope for the Resolution of Societal Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Mamta Dhiman, Lakshika Sharma, Abhijeet Singh and Madan Mohan Sharma Chapter 19 Biosynthesized Nanoparticles and Its Implications in Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Toolika Singh, Avinash Singh, Wenjing Wang, Deapanker Yadav, Anil Kumar and Prashant Kumar Singh Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

Dr. L. Karthik is presently an Assistant Professor in Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. He is an elected member of Linnean Society of London. He received his Ph.D. degree in Microbiology from the VIT University in 2013. As a PhD fellow at the VIT, he has gained valuable experience in marine actinobacteria diversity and its secondary metabolite potential. During his PhD research, Dr. L. Karthik isolated and characterized the protease inhibitors from marine actinobacteria. He made the intriguing discovery of the protease inhibitor and gold nanoparticles for antimalarial treatment. This observation suggests that, in the future it could be considered as a new antimalarial drug. In his first postdoctoral training at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (2015–2017), he was involved in a project titled “Activation cryptic gene from sponge associated marine actinobacteria” under the guidance of eminent scientist Prof. Zhiyong Li. In order to extend his expertise in the synthetic biology strategies for activating cryptic gene from marine actinobacteria, he was pleased to accept a postdoctoral fellow position in East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) (2017-2019). His interest, as a postdoctoral fellow at ECUST, is to understand the In Vitro CRISPR/Cpf1mediated BAC cloning of large biosynthetic gene cluster to activate cryptic genes under the guidance of eminent scientist Prof. Lixin Zhang. He has published 58 research papers in international and national peer-reviewed journals (Nanomedicine, PLOS ONE, Parasitology Research) (H-index: 18). He is a reviewer in several reputed journals. He is a life member in IAAM, Chemical Biology Society, European Society of Nanomedicine, Indian Association of Parasitology, International Society for Applied Life Sciences and Communication committee member of International Chemical Biology Society. In 2016, he received the Prestigious “Young Scientist Award” from the Indian Association of Applied Microbiologists for his outstanding research work and he also received the Best Research Scholar Award – 2012 from VIT University. He received the 200 young scientist – 2012 fellowship (DST) to attend the international conference. Dr. A. Vishnu Kirthi is currently works as a Post-Doctoral Research Scientist at the National Centre for Nanotechnology and Nanosciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai. He has extensive expertise in Nanotechnology and Drug Delivery Strategies. His research interests are multidisciplinary and include Micro/ Nanobiotechnology, Nano-toxicology, Environmental Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine, and Nanoemulsions. He has distinguished memberships in the Green Chemistry Network, European Society of Nanomedicine, International Society for Environmental Information Sciences, and the International Society for Applied Life Sciences. He has an h-index of 20, has written four chapters with internationally renowned books publishers with 34 research articles (Total impact factor: 71.668). Dr. Shivendu Ranjan has completed his B. Tech and PhD in Biotechnology from VIT University, Vellore, India, and has expertise in Nano (Bio) Technology. He was elected as a Fellow (FLS) of the oldest active biological society started in 1778, The Linnean Society (London) and elected Fellow of Bose Scientific Society (FBSS). He is currently working as Scientist at DST-Centre for Policy Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. He is also serving as a Senior Research Associate (Adjunct) at the Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa. He also worked as Head of Research & Technology Development at E-Spin Nanotech Pvt. Ltd., SIDBI Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. After joining E-Spin Nanotech, IIT Kanpur, he has successfully developed prototypes for many products and have applied for two patents. Dr. Ranjan has taken lead in the DSIR Certification for R&D Unit of E-Spin Nanotech Pvt Ltd. He is also Founder-Director of Xpert Arena Technological Services Pvt Ltd., and Advisor of many companies, such as Eckovation Solutions Pvt Ltd., Xcellogen Biotech Pvt Ltd. Dr. Shivendu is also reviewer of Iran National Science Foundation (INSF), Tehran, Iran, and Jury at Venture Cup, Denmark, for the past three consecutive years. His research interests are multidisciplinary and include Micro/ Nanobiotechnology, Nano-toxicology, Environmental Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine, and Nanoemulsions. He is the associate editor of Environmental Chemistry Letters – a Springer journal of 3.2 impact factor – and an editorial board member in Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment (Taylor & Francis, USA). He is the Research Topic Editor in Frontiers in Pharmacology (FrontiersIn, USA journal of 3.83 impact factor). He serves as the executive editor of a journal in iMed Press, USA, and also as editorial board member and referee for