Trust and Transparency in an Age of Surveillance

Investigating the theoretical and empirical relationships between transparency and trust in the context of surveillance, this volume argues that neither transparency nor trust provides a simple and self-evident path for mitigating the negative political and social consequences of state surveillance practices. Dominant in both the scholarly literature and public debate is the conviction that transparency can promote better-informed decisions, provide greater oversight, and restore trust damaged by the secrecy of surveillance. The contributions to this volume challenge this conventional wisdom by considering how relations of trust and policies of transparency are modulated by underlying power asymmetries, sociohistorical legacies, economic structures, and institutional constraints. They study trust and transparency as embedded in specific sociopolitical contexts to show how, under certain conditions, transparency can become a tool of social control that erodes trust, while mistrust—rather than trust—can sometimes offer the most promising approach to safeguarding rights and freedom in an age of surveillance. The first book addressing the interrelationship of trust, transparency, and surveillance practices, this volume will be of interest to scholars and students of surveillance studies as well as appeal to an interdisciplinary audience given the contributions from political science, sociology, philosophy, law, and civil society. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Introduction 1. On the Relationship Between Trust, Transparency, and Surveillance Lora Anne Viola and Pawel Laidler Part I: Rethinking Transparency’s Relationship to Power and Domination 2. The Limits of Transparency as a Tool for Regulating Surveillance: A Comparative Study of the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany Lora Anne Viola 3. A Neo-Republican Critique of Transparency: The Chilling Effects of Publicizing Power Matthew Hall 4. The Dynamics of Imposed Transparency and its Role in Deep Social Conflicts Shaul A. Duke 5. Classifying and Dividing Labor: The Political Economy of Racializing Surveillance Markus Kienscherf Part II: Transparency and Trust as Institutional Constraints and Critical Praxis 6. Secrecy Versus Transparency in the US National Security Surveillance State Pawel Laidler 7. Secret Surveillance in Poland After Snowden: Between Secrecy and Transparency Mateusz Kolaszynski 8. Legal Safeguards and Oversight Innovations for Bulk Surveillance: An International Comparative Analysis Thorsten Wetzling and Kilian Vieth 9. Transparency and Surveillance of End Users on Social Media Platforms: A View of Structural Economic Factors Abel Reiberg Part III: Sources of Trust and Virtues of Mistrust in an Age of Surveillance 10. Trust and Surveillance: An Odd Couple or a Perfect Pair? Fredrika Björklund 11. Trustworthy Humans and Machines: Vulnerable Trustors and the Need for Trustee Competence, Integrity, and Benevolence in Digital Systems Sara Degli-Esposti and David Arroyo 12. Why a Militantly Democratic Lack of Trust in State Surveillance can Enable Better and More Democratic Security Miguelángel Verde Garrido Outlook 13. Surveillance, Transparency, and Trust: Critical Challenges from the COVID-19 Pandemic David Lyon

Pawel Laidler, Ph.D. is Professor of Political Science at the Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. Lora Anne Viola, Ph.D. is Professor of Political Science and Chair of the Politics Department at the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies, Freie Universität Berlin.