Trends and Contemporary Technologies for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes

This book looks at the recent developments in the area of photocatalytic degradation of dyes using photocatalytic techniques, for example by means of various nanoparticles, heterogeneous, and hybrid systems. Dyes are one of the major groups of water pollutants and are widely used in a diverse range of industries. The toxic effects of organic dyes in wastewater can have a great environmental impact, therefore there is significant interest and need to remove these dyes effectively and efficiently during wastewater treatment.

This volume covers a plethora of basics on the photochemistry of dyes and provides information on technological perspectives including reactor designs and process intensification. Since many industries release a significant amount of colored effluents, which are toxic and difficult to remove by conventional methods, the comprehensive studies herein will contribute to helping reduce the impact of colored effluents in wastewater on the environment.

This chapter will deal with the basic chemistry of dyes and the effect of various factors (oxygen, temperature and humidity, atmospheric contaminants and concentration of dye) on the degradation of dyes will be discussed.The kinetics of photocatalytic dyestuff degradation will be considered.

 Chapter 2: Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of dyes: Fundamental principles and its applications

This chapter covers the critical selection of heterogenous materials for photocatalysis based on the chemical, physical, and selective nature of the poisoning dyes. The main core highlighted in this chapter is the significant application of semiconductors for photocatalysis based on the chemical, physical, and selective nature of the dyes.

 Chapter 3: Recent developments in photocatalytic techniques of dye degradation in effluents.

 This chapter covers the photocatalysis aiming at mineralization of dyes to CO₂, H₂O and inorganic compounds or their transformation into biodegradable or harmless products using novel materials and techniques.

 Chapter 4: Role of doped semiconductors in the catalytic activity

 his chapter cover photocatalysts such as ZnS, CdS, CuS, Ag₂S, Bi₂S₃, CoS, FeS, and PbS as well as the effects of a range of parameters such as dopants, band gap, size, light intensity,surface area, reaction time, pH and degradation efficiency, heterojunctions,etc. on the degradation of dyes.

 Chapter 5: Hybrid Treatment technologies for dye degradation in wastewater

 This chapter covers an in-depth evaluation of broad range of potential hybrid technologies since a single technology cannot explain the whole process of degradation. In addition this chapter will emphasize on the importance of hybrid technologies, as well as energy and water reuse plan within the treatment scheme.

 Chapter 6: Degradation of Azo Dyes under Visible Light Irradiation

 This chapter covers dyes which are widely used in the textile industry, and which can be effectively degraded by a photocatalytic treatment using a catalyst under visible light irradiation. It will include an analysis of the effects on the dye removal efficiency of the major process parameters which will result in the effective treatment and can be optimized to provide rapid and complete degradation. The use of visible light as a cost-effective method for the removal of dyes from textile effluents.

 Chapter 7: Enhancement in catalytic activity using visible range of irradiation

 This chapter covers the enhanced photocatalytic materials for a better performance and could be accredited to the strong visible light absorption and low recombination rate. It will discuss the photo-Fenton-like catalysis activity of the materials under visible light and underlying mechanism of the catalytic material for the degradation of colouring substances.

 Chapter 8: Mathematical modelling for nanoparticle induced dye degradation.

 This chapter covers the application of a mathematical model as a powerful tool to describe the degradation processes and to elucidate the quantitative degradation performance and the optimization of biodegradation processes. It will further be beneficial for development of technologies for process intensification

 Chapter 9: Effective Materials in the Photocatalytic Treatment of Dyestuffs and Stained Wastewater

 This chapter covers the effectiveness and evaluation of the photocatalytic treatment and the photocatalytic efficiency in the treatment of dyestuffs and stained wastewater coming from various factories. The materials employed as photocatalysts in the degradation of commercial dyestuffs solutions and also in the treatment of real industrial wastewater samples.

 Chapter 10: Biological synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and their application in photocatalysis

This chapter covers the synthesis of metallic nanostructures by green synthesis and it will include a thorough understanding of all of the aspects regarding specific interaction of biomolecules with inorganic materials in order to produce nanostructures

 Chapter 11: Mechanistic aspect of the dye degradation using photocatalysts

 This chapter covers the overall efficiency of the photocatalysis system and its dependency upon operational parameters that administer the adsorption and photo degradation of dye molecules, including the concentration, pH , temperature and light intensity and the charge-carrier properties of the photocatalyst. It will also discuss kinetics and mechanisms of the photodegradation reactions.

 Chapter 12 : Technological Perspectives including Reactor Design and Process Intensification.

 This chapter covers the description of continuous flow applications of Nanomaterials for dye degradation. The chapter will highlight different efficient designs reactors which that could well be considered as a suitable alternative for continuous flow industrial wastewater treatment.

Dr Sushma Dave: 

Dr. Sushma Dave received Master of Science and   PhD in Analytical, Electrochemistry and Environmental Chemistry from Biosensor Lab in Chemistry Department of   Jai Narayan Vyas University, Jodhpur .She has also completed her bachelors of Law. She is involved continuously in the field of higher education teaching Pure, Applied Chemistry, Cheminformatics, Nanotechnology, Electrochemistry, Biology, Solid waste management, Waste water treatment and Environmental chemistry to students of Engineering and basic sciences . She also served as Research Associate in Soil Bio Chemistry and Microbiology Division CAZRI, Jodhpur. Currently she is working as an Associate Professor and Head (administration) in Jodhpur Institute of Engineering & Technology, Mogra, and Jodhpur Rajasthan India. She has published and presented several papers in international and nationalJournals, conferences and participated in various workshops and training programs. Her areas of interest are Electrochemistry, Biosensors Environmental science, Nanotechnology,biochemistry. Cheminformatics, Immunoinformatics and Drug repurposing. She has edited books and published a number of chapters with Elsevier and Springer. Currently working on funded project in novel materials for environmental remediation, Biosensor development and drug repurposing of new drugs for infectious diseases. 

Dr Jayashankar Das: