Settlement, Urbanization, and Population

This volume presents a collection of studies focussing on population and settlement patterns in the Roman empire in the perspective of the economic development of the Mediterranean world between 100 BC and AD 350. The analyses offered here highlight the issues of regional and temporal variation in Italy, Spain, Britain, Egypt, Crete, and Asia Minor from classical Greece to the early Byzantine period. The chapters fall into two main groups, the first dealing with the evidence for rural settlement, as revealed by archaeological field surveys, and the attendant methodological problems of extrapolating from that evidence a view of population; and the second with city populations and the phenomenon of urbanization. They proceed to consider hierarchies of settlement in the characteristic classical pattern of city plus territory, and the way in which those entities are defined from the highest to the lowest level: the empire as 'city of Rome plus territory', then regional and local hierarchies, and, more precisely, the identity and the nature of the 'instruments' which enable them to function in economic cohesion.

1 - Introduction
2 - Estimating Ancient Greek Populations: The Evidence of Field Survey
3 - Missing Persons? Models of Mediterranean Regional Survey and Ancient Populations
4 - Calculating Plough-zone Demographics: Some Insights from Arid-Zone Surveys
5 - Rural Settlement and Population Extrapolation: A Case Study from the Ager of Antium, Central Italy (350 BC- AD 400)
6 - Cities and Economic Development in the Roman Empire
7 - City Sizes and Urbanization in the Roman Empire
8 - Rank-size Analysis and the Roman Cities of the Iberian Peninsula and Britain: Some Considerations
9 - The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor and Wider Urban Connectivity
10 - Towns and Territories in Roman Baetica
11 - Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt: Population and Settlement

Alan Bowman is former Camden Professor of Ancient History, Director of the Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents, and Co-Director of The Oxford Roman Economy Project (OxREP). His research interests focus on papyrology, the Vindolanda Writing-tablets, the social and economic history of Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt, and the Roman Empire. Andrew Wilson is Professor of the Archaeology of the Roman Empire and Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, and Chairman of the Society for Libyan Studies. He is also co-director of the Oxford Roman Economy Project (OxREP). He has directed excavations in Italy, Tunisia, and Libya, and is the author of numerous articles on ancient water supply, ancient technology, economy, and trade.