Sealants in Construction

Revised Bestseller Offers Broad-Based Knowledge to a Wide Range of Technical Professionals The definitive guide to sealing operations in construction, this latest edition of Sealants in Construction focuses on the most current technology, methods, applications, and standards relevant to sealant performance. Providing guided direction on how to choose and apply sealants, determine the properties of those sealants, and test and establish the cause of sealant failures, it addresses the design and engineering of structurally glazed systems and the chemistry and properties of various generic types including silicones, hybrids, and urethanes. Divided into two parts, the book first covers basic topics relevant to the practical side of construction sealants, and is geared toward those interested in choosing the proper sealant. The second half introduces advanced topics that are more technical, includes historical context along with practical examples, and is directed toward anyone requiring more depth in these areas. An indispensable resource essential to your collection, this book: Explains the proper way to test sealants Evaluates standard test methods that are used with construction sealants Provides examples of emerging test methods appropriate for use with construction and highway sealants Outlines methods for calculating the required joint sizes in conventional sealing, glazing, and structural glazing Details the composition of the most popular types of sealants and hybrids Sealants in Construction covers the use of sealants in the construction industry and aims for the increased use of nondestructive test methods for all sealant applications and a more integrated quality management approach to sealing operations. This book is of interest to architects, contractors, engineers, sealant manufacturers, and students, and is relevant to a variety of technical disciplines.

Introduction to Sealants and a Short History of Sealant DevelopmentIntroductionEarly Sealants Based on Natural MaterialsModern Sealants Based on Synthetic PolymersOutlook on Future DevelopmentsReferencesBASIC TOPICSJerome KlosowskiSelecting Joint SealantsIntroductionCalculating Joint MovementJoint Sizing in New ConstructionRemedial SealingStrengthChemical EnvironmentService TemperatureIntensity of Sun and WeatherApplication ConditionsOther ConsiderationsReferencesSealant PropertiesAdhesion and CohesionHardnessModulusStress RelaxationCompression SetResistance to WeatheringReferencesSealant Specifications and TestingIntroductionExpansion and Construction JointsIdealized Construction Sealant SpecificationConclusions on Testing Building SealantsHighway SealantsConclusions on Tests for Traffic and Pedestrian SealantsColor and Stain TestsTensile-Adhesion TestCompatibility Tests: Corrosion and Stress CorrosionCompatibility-to-Gasket TestField Test for AdhesionAdhesion Test for JobReferencesApplication of Joint SealantsIntroductionExamining the JointJoints Larger Than PlannedJoints Smaller Than PlannedCohesive FailureMeasuring Joint WidthJoint Movement Indicator (Scratch Test)Adhesive FailureField Adhesion TestCleaning Common SubstratesPrimingBacker Rods and Bond BreakersBacking MaterialsCorrecting for Improperly Sized RodsBacking as a Flame or Fire RetardantMaskingSealant InstallationTools and Skills of the MechanicJoint Movement during CureStainingDirt PickupReferences ForensicsIntroductionInspection and InvestigationFurther AnalysisBleedADVANCED TOPICSAndreas WolfClassification of Construction SealantsIntroductionProduct FormSetting Mechanism and Its Effect on Mechanical PropertiesChemical Nature of Binders and Cure TypesPerformanceApplicationsReferencesOverview on Sealant Types and FamiliesIntroductionRigid Sealants (Putties)Cold-Applied Plastic Sealants (Caulks)Hot-Applied Plastic or Elastic SealantsElastic High-Performance SealantsReferencesConventional High-Performance SealantsWater-Borne (Latex) AcrylicsPolysulfidesPolyurethanesSiliconesReferences Hybrid (Silane-Modified) High-Performance SealantsSilane-Terminated PolyethersSilane-Terminated PolyurethanesSilane-Terminated PolyacrylatesReferencesSealed Insulating Glass and Insulating Glass SealantsHistorical Development of Sealed Insulating GlassFunctions of the Edge SealEnvironmental Degradation Factors Acting on the IGU and the Edge SealDiffusion Mechanisms Affecting Sealed IG PerformanceImportant Degradation Mechanisms Affecting the Functioning of the Edge Seal Durability Testing of Sealed IGUProperties of IG Sealants and Resulting Applications for IGImportance of IGU Workmanship in Successfully Passing EN1279 Performance TestingDesign, Component, and Workmanship Considerations in the Manufacture of High-Quality, Long-Lasting IGUsOutlookReferencesStructural Sealant GlazingHistory of Structural Silicone Glazing Curtain WallsClassification of Structural Silicone Glazing SystemsStresses Acting on Structural Silicone Glazing SealantsStandards and SpecificationsStructural Joint DetailingStructural Glazing SealantsStructural Silicone Point FixingRoles of Major Participants in Value ChainQuality and Reliability ConsiderationsOutlookReferencesStructurally Bonded WindowsIntroductionHistorical DevelopmentBenefits of Direct Window GlazingGlazing and Bonding OptionsStructural SealantsThe Bonded Window as a System: Durability and CompatibilityConsiderationsIntegrated Sash Direct GlazingSummary and Outlook ReferencesAppendix

Jerome M. Klosowski received his master’s degree in mathematics from Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, in 1965; received a master’s degree in chemistry from Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, in 1966; and did postgraduate work in chemistry at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He authored the book Sealants in Construction and edited two other books. He holds 34 U.S. patents (multiple foreign filings); has published more than 70 articles in scientific and trade journals and four chapters in various encyclopedias, and has lectured on the chemistry and engineering of sealants in construction around the world. Andreas T. Wolf received his Ph.D. degree in chemistry from Heine University in Düsseldorf, Germany, in 1978 and was associated with Dow Corning from 1979 to 2015, where he held various managerial and professional positions within the science and technology department. He is the editor of 10 published books and the author of numerous scientific and technical publications and presentations within the realms of sealant chemistry, formulation, application, durability and degradation mechanisms, adhesion theory and measurement, and standardization. He retired from Dow Corning in 2015 and is currently teaching and consulting worldwide in the areas of sealant chemistry and applications.