Rome and the Maronites in the Renaissance and Reformation The Formation of Religious Identity in the Early Modern Mediterranean

Rome and the Maronites in the Renaissance and Reformation provides the first in-depth study of contacts between Rome and the Maronites during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This book begins by showing how the church unions agreed at the Council of Ferrara-Florence (1438-1445) led Catholics to endow an immense amount of trust in the orthodoxy of Christians from the east. Taking the Maronites of Mount Lebanon as its focus, it then analyses how agents in the peripheries of the Catholic world struggled to preserve this trust into the early sixteenth century, when everything changed. On one hand, this study finds that suspicion of Christians in Europe generated by the Reformation soon led Catholics to doubt the past and present fidelity of the Maronites and other Christian peoples of the Middle East and Africa. On the other, it highlights how the expansion of the Ottoman Empire caused many Maronites to seek closer integration into Catholic religious and military goals in the eastern Mediterranean. By drawing on previously unstudied sources to explore both Maronite as well as Roman perspectives, this book integrates eastern Christianity into the history of the Reformation, while re-evaluating the history of contact between Rome and the Christian east in the early modern period. It is essential reading for scholars and students of early modern Europe, as well as those interested in the Reformation, religious history, and the history of Catholic Orientalism.

Introduction 1. Franciscans, Jacobites, and the Development of Maronite Historiography 2. Centre and Periphery: Rome and Mount Lebanon in the Reign of Pope Leo X (1513-1521) 3. Negotiating a world in motion: Exchanges between Rome and the Maronites from Pope Clement VII (1523-1534) to Pope Marcellus II (1555) 4. Collaborations between Maronites, eastern Christians, and Catholic Orientalists in Rome during the cardinalate of Marcello Cervini (1539-1555) 5. The Maronites as anti-Ottoman Agents: Their Correspondence with Emperor Charles V (1519-1556) Conclusion

Sam Kennerley is Hannah Seeger Davis Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Seeger Center for Hellenic Studies, Princeton University. He is co-editor of "The Reception of the Church Fathers and Early Church Historians in the Renaissance and Reformation, c.1470-1650", a special issue of the International Journal of the Classical Tradition.