Probability, Uncertainty and Rationality

This volume explores, from a mathematical and a philosophical perspective, the virtuous circle connecting logic and rationality. While logic lends its methods, techniques and ideas to the investigation of rationality, the practical problems which arise in modelling rational behaviour, especially in the social sciences, motivate logicians to develop more refined logical formalisms. This is why non classical logics - a unifying theme of this volume - play a fundamental role in the construction of formal models of rationality.

Introduction.- 1. Foundations.- Ordered algebras and logic. George Metcalfe, Francesco Paoli and Constantine Tsinakis.- 2. Probability. The social entropy process: Axiomatising the aggregation of probabilistic beliefs. George Wilmers.- Conditional probability in the light of qualitative belief change. David Makinson.- Is there a probability theory of many-valued events? Vincenzo Marra.- 3. Uncertainty.- On Giles style dialogue games and hypersequent systems. Christian G. Fermüller.- Poset representation for free RDP-algebras. Diego Valota.- Uncertainty, indeterminacy and fuzziness: A probabilistic approach. Martina Fedel.- 4. Rationality.- Tractable depth-bounded logics and the problem of logical omniscience. Marcello D’Agostino.- Rational behaviour at trust nodes. Hykel Hosni and Silvia Milano.

Authors' affiliations: Hykel Hosni, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy Franco Montagna, Università di Siena, Italy