Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors

This copiously illustrated volume assesses the occurrence and behavior of pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota - two compartments of the hydrologic system. The book evaluates the environmental fate, distribution throughout rivers and streams, which residues have declined, and the potential biological significance of the remaining residues of organochloride pesticides. Despite the scarcity of literature, the authors also assess the potential for currently used pesticides to accumulate in beds sediment and aquatic biota. TOC:Introduction.- Characteristics of Studies Reviewed.- National Distribution and Trends.- Governing Processes.- Analysis of Key Topics - Sources, Behavior, and Transport.- Analysis of Key Topics - Environmental Significance.- Summary and Conclusions.- Appendices.

More than 20 years after the ban of DDT and other organochlorine pesticides, pesticides continue to be detected in air, rain, soil, surface water, bed sediment, and aquatic and terrestrial biota throughout the world. Recent research suggests that low levels of some of these pesticides may have the potential to affect the development, reproduction, and behavior of fish and wildlife, and possibly humans.Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota: Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors assesses the occurrence and behavior of pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota-the two major compartments of the hydrologic system where organochlorine pesticides are most likely to accumulate. This book collects, for the first time, results from several hundred monitoring studies and field experiments, ranging in scope from individual sites to the entire nation. Comprehensive tables provide concise summaries of study locations, pesticides analyzed, and study outcomes.Comprehensive and extensively illustrated, Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota: Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors evaluates the sources, environmental fate, geographic distribution, and long-term trends of pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota. The book focuses on organochlorine pesticides, but also assesses the potential for currently used pesticides to be found in bed sediment and aquatic biota. Topics covered in depth include the effect of land use on pesticide occurrence, mechanisms of pesticide uptake and accumulation by aquatic biota, and the environmental significance of observed levels of pesticides in stream sediment and aquatic biota.

IntroductionPurposePrevious ReviewsApproachCharacteristics of Studies ReviewedGeneral Design FeaturesGeographic DistributionTemporal DistributionSampling MatricesTarget AnalytesAnalytical Detection LimitsNational Distribution and TrendsPesticide OccurrenceNational Pesticide UseGeographic Distribution in Relation to UseLong-Term TrendsGoverning ProcessesPesticide SourcesBehavior and Fate of Pesticides in Bed SedimentBehavior and Fate of Pesticides in Aquatic BiotaAnalysis of Key Topics - Sources, Behavior, and TransportEffect of Land Use on Pesticide ContaminationPesticide Uptake and Accumulation by Aquatic BiotaSeasonal Changes in Pesticide ResiduesPhysical and Chemical Properties of Pesticides in Sediment and Aquatic BiotaComposition of Total DDT as an Indicator of DDT Sources and Period of UseAnalysis of Key Topics - Environmental SignificanceEffects of Pesticide Contaminants on Aquatic Organisms and Fish-Eating WildlifeEffects of Pesticide Contaminants in Aquatic Biota on Human HealthSummary and ConclusionAppendix A: Table 2.1 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers and estuaries in the United States: National and multistate monitoring studiesAppendix B: Table 2.2 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers in the United States: State and local monitoring studiesAppendix C: Table 2.3 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers in the United States: Process and matrix distribution studiesAppendix D: Common Names and Taxonomic Classifications of Aquatic Organisms Sampled in the Studies ReviewedAppendix E: Glossary of Common and Chemical Names of PesticidesReferencesIndex

Nowell, Lisa H.; Capel, Paul D.; Dileanis, Peter D.