Pediatric Hydrocephalus

Since the first edition of this book, the impressive development of neuroendoscopy has dramatically changed the surgical approach to hydrocephalus, the main pathology pediatric neurosurgeons worldwide have to deal with. This revised and updated second edition, written by worldwide leaders in the field, fully reflects this progress: not only existing chapters have been  reviewed whenever required, but new ones have been added   thus taking into consideration every aspect of hydrocephalus, even when associated with the rarest pathologies. The general part include now more data on history, biomechanics, circulation and molecular basis. Special consideration for fetal surgery has been added, whereas the section on neonatal hydrocephalus has been further developed. Section 4, on the different pathologies associated with hydrocephalus, has been significantly expanded. and is now amazingly detailed, as well as the section on shunt treatment. Infections are now dealt with in two different chapters, and special attention to shunt complications (the nightmare of every Pediatric Neurosurgeon.) is paid in five different chapters. A very complete overview of the endoscopic treatment, that will surely draw the reader’s attention  thanks to the wonderful full color images, is also included. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, this title is an indispensable tool for all those facing this pathology in their daily practice.

From the contents: History of Hydrocephalus and of its treatment.- Experimental Hydrocephalus: Models and study Methods.- Genetics of hydrocephalus .- Development of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways during embryonic and fetal life in humans.- Anatomy and histology of cerebral and spinal meninges.- The choroid plexus.- CSF circulation.- CSF hydrodynamics.- Molecular basis of Hydrocephalus.- Biomechanics of Hydrocephalus.- Pathology of Hydrocephalus.- Radiology of Hydrocephalus.- Classification and definition of Hydrocephalus.- Clinic of Hydrocephalus.-Prenatal Hydrocephalus.- Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus in prematures.- Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus in prematures.- Post haemorrhagic hydrocephalus in prematures.- Hydrocephalus and Myelomeningocele.- Hydrocephalus associated with cerebral malformations.- Hydrocephalus in posterior fossa tumors.- Hydrocephalus in suprasellar and basal ganglia tumors.- Hydrocephalus in pineal and tectal tumors.- Hydrocephalus and colloid cysts.- Hydrocephalus and spinal tumors.- Post-infectious Hydrocephalus.- Hydrocephalus in developing countries.- Multiloculated Hydrocephalus.- Hydrocephalus and Parasitosis.- Hydrocephalus and Dandy-Walker malformation.- Hydrocephalus and aqueductal stenosis.- Extraventricular intracisternal obstructive hydrocephalus.- Hydrocephalus and arachnoid cysts.- Hydrocephalus in Achondroplasia and venous hypertension.- CSF Hydrodynamics in Craniosynostosis.- Hydrocephalus and Neurofibromatosis.- Hydrocephalus and malformations of Cranio cervical junction.- Hydrocephalus and vein of Galen Malformation.- Post-traumatic Hydrocephalus.- Post tubercular Hydrocephalus.- Fetal surgery.- ICP Monitoring: Indications, Techniques, interpretation.- CSF hydrodynamics applied to the CSF shunt design.- Shunt hardware.- CSF shunt insertion: Surgical techniques.- Mechanical complications in CSF shunts.- CSF shunt infection.- Abdominal complications in shunts.- Slit ventricle syndromes.- Endoscopic anatomy.- Third Ventriculostomy.- Third Ventriculostomy and Choroid Plexus Coagulation.- Aqueductoplasty and Aqueductal stenting.- Septostomy and complex procedures.- Third ventriculostomy in shunt malfunction.- Radiological assessment before and after endoscopic third ventriculostomy .- Complications of third ventriculostomy.- Obstruction of third ventriculostomy.- Outcome analysis.- ETV under 2 years in Triventricular hydrocephalus.- Long term evaluation and QOL assessment of hydrocephalus outcome.- Growth and puberty in Hydrocephalus.- Hydrocephalus and Epilepsy.- Rehabilitation for hydrocephalic children.- Transitional care in pediatric neurosurgical patients.- Benign pericerebral collections in infants.- Syringomyelia in pediatric age.- Benign intracranial Hypertension in children.

Giuseppe Cinalli was born in Naples on June 16, 1961. He completed the secondary school in Naples and the medical studies at the “Federico II” University of Naples (1980–1986). He started the residency program in Neurosurgery on April 1, 1987, at the “Federico II” University of Naples, but he was rapidly attracted by the Pediatric Neurosurgery, so he asked and obtained to complete his residency at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery of the Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades in Paris, France, directed by Professor Jean François Hirsch, with grants from French Government and the Italian Ministry of Public Instruction (Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione). He completed his residency in October 1991 and continued to work in Necker as assistant attaché. He married Fabrizia in 1991 and they had Francesco and Maria Allegra. In 1993, he spent 5 months as visiting fellow in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the New York University Medical Center directed by Fred Epstein and3 months in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the Primary Children’s Medical Center of Salt Lake City directed by Marion “Jack” Walker.

   On November 1, 1993, he started his university career in France first as chef de clinique-assistant (1993–1997) and later as praticien hospitalouniversitaire (1997–1998), before deciding to go back to Italy. He then worked in Terni (1998–1999) and in Naples at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, directed by Dr. Giuseppe Maggi, where he started to work in October 1999.

   He became chief of the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery on April 1, 2007, and head of the Department of Neurosciences in July 2016. He is active member of 7 scientific societies, editor of 3 books, and founding member in 2001 of the International Study Group of Neuroendoscopy (ISGNE), later transformed into International Federation of Neuroendoscopy (IFNE) of which he was electedpresident in November 2017 for a 2-year term, and author of 116 indexed papers.