Pathology of Laboratory Animals Volume I

Laboratory Animal Medicine has made enor­ We deeply appreciate the efforts of each of the mous strides in the 47 years since R. Jaffe published authors and co-authors of the 23 chapters in this his "Anatomy and Pathology of Spontaneous Dis­ two volume work. In some instances the reader will eases of Small Laboratory Animals" in 1931. So note what appears to be repetition in certain chap­ ters. This repetition was allowed to stand in some much new information had accumulated that in a cases because different approaches seemed useful, new edition in 1958, Jaffe, aided by Cohrs and Meessen, needed the assistance of 46 colleagues to although efforts were made to delete most of the do the subject justice. Like its predecessor, this two redundancy which inevitably arises in a venture of volume comprehensive treatise on "Pathologie der this kind. We will be grateful if our colleagues point out errors and send us specific and general Laboratoriumstiere" was written in German and criticism of this work to allow corrections in the thus not readily available to the widening circle of event of reprinting or a next edition. veterinarians and pathologists who now are inter­ One objective has been to assemble current in­ ested in laboratory animals. Aside from the need to have a comprehensive formation in the pathologic aspects of diseases of review of laboratory animal pathology in English, laboratory animals.

1 The Cardiovascular System.- Normal Anatomic Features.- Pericardium.- Myocardium.- Endocardium.- Arteries.- Veins.- Lymphatics.- Heart.- Pericardium.- Noninflammatory Fluid Accumulations.- Hydropericardium.- Hemopericardium.- Inflammation.- Pericarditis.- Miscellaneous Lesions.- Hemorrhage.- Mineralization.- Urate Deposits.- Pericardial Neoplasms.- Myocardium.- Inflammation.- Myocarditis.- Degenerative Lesions.- Fatty Change.- Lipofuscinosis.- Mineralization.- Myocardial Necrosis and Fibrosis.- Myocardial Lesions in Muscular Dystrophy.- Myocardial Infarction.- Miscellaneous Conditions.- Rhabdomyomatosis.- Round Heart Disease of Chickens and Turkeys.- Neoplasms.- Endocardium.- Inflammation.- Endocarditis.- Miscellaneous Conditions.- Depositions.- Valvular Telangiectasis.- Atrial Thrombosis.- Endocardiosis.- Endocardial Disease in the Rat.- Congenital Malformations.- Pericardial Defects.- Patent Ductus Arteriosus.- Persistent Right Aortic Arch.- Aortic Stenosis.- Pulmonic Stenosis.- Tetralogy of Fallot.- Septal Defects.- Endocardial Fibroelastosis.- Congestive Heart Failure.- Left-Sided Heart Failure.- Right-Sided Heart Failure.- Arteries.- Degenerative Arteriopathies.- Atherosclerosis.- Hypertension and Arteriosclerosis.- Mineralization (Calcification).- Aneurysm and Rupture.- Amyloidosis.- Nutritional and Metabolic Arteriopathies.- Toxic Arteriopathies.- Lead Poisoning.- Mercurial Poisoning.- Proliferative Arteriopathies.- Arteritis.- Polyarteritis (Panarteritis, Periarteritis).- Arterial Lesions in Hypersensitivity Syndromes.- Parasitic Diseases of Arteries.- Filariasis.- Spirocercosis.- Medial Hyperplasia of Feline Pulmonary Arteries.- Angiostrongylosis.- Protozoan Arterial Infections.- Other Arterial Parasitisms.- Thromboembolic Arteriopathies.- Vascular Neoplasms.- Veins.- Phlebitis and Thrombophlebitis.- Phlebothrombosis.- Lymphatics.- References.- 2 The Respiratory System.- Normal Anatomy, Histology, and Ultrastructure.- Gross Anatomy.- Preservation and Fixation of Pulmonary Tissue.- Microscopic Anatomy.- Ultrastructure.- Viral Diseases.- Giant Cell Pneumonia (Measles) in Primates.- Canine Distemper.- Poxviruses.- Adenoviruses.- Herpesviruses.- Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis.- Canine Herpesvirus.- Herpes simiae, Herpes tamarinus and Herpes Infections of Primates.- Cytomegalovirus.- Feline Picornavirus.- Reovirus Infection.- Feline Pneumonitis.- Pneumonia Virus of Mice.- Sendai Virus Infection.- K Virus of Mice.- Rat Coronavirus.- Mycoplasma Diseases.- Murine Chronic Respiratory Disease—Mycoplasma pulmonis.- Mycoplasma Infections of the Respiratory System of Other Species.- Bacterial Diseases and Agents.- Tuberculosis.- Pneumococcal Infection.- Klebsiella pneumoniae.- Pasteurella multocida.- Pasteurella pneumotropica.- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.- Corynebacterium kutscheri.- Staphylococcus Species.- Melioidosis.- Bordetella bronchiseptica.- Mycobacterium lepraemurium.- Streptobacillus moniliformis.- Mycotic Diseases.- Geotrichum candidum in the Dog.- Protozoan Diseases.- Pneumocystosis.- Toxoplasmosis.- Miscellaneous Disorders of the Respiratory System.- Pneumoconiosis and Aspiration of Foreign Material.- Kaolinite Aspiration and Granulomas in Primates.- Amyloidosis.- Lipid Pneumonia.- Fat Embolism.- Pulmonary Edema.- Histiocytosis.- Hemothorax.- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia.- Parasites.- Cestodes.- Trematodes.- Nematodes.- Aelurostrongylus abstrusus.- Filaroides milksi.- Filaroides osleri.- Filaroides gordius.- Angiostrongylus cantonensis.- Crenosoma vulpis.- Gongylonema spices.- Capillaria aerophila.- Anatrichosoma cutaneum and Anatrichosoma cynamolgi.- Pentastomes.- Linguatula serrata.- Arthropods.- Annelida.- Neoplasms.- Pulmonary Adenomatosis.- Primary Neoplasms of the Respiratory System.- Metastatic Neoplasms of the Respiratory System.- References.- 3 The Urinary System.- Glomerulonephritis.- Mice.- New Zealand Black (NZB) Mice.- Mice Infected with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.- RF Mice.- NH Mice.- Mice Infected with Murine Tumor Viruses.- Rats and Mastomys.- Guinea Pigs.- Aleutian Disease of Mink.- Nonhuman Primates.- Cats.- Dogs.- Reptiles.- Chickens.- Interstitial Nephritis.- Focal Interstitial Nephritis.- Diffuse Interstitial Nephritis.- Acute and Subacute.- Chronic.- Canine.- Feline.- Suppurative Nephritis and Pyelonephritis.- Acute and Subacute.- Chronic.- Parasitic Nephritis.- Nonhuman Primates.- Dogs.- Mice, Rats, and Guinea Pigs.- Rabbits.- Progressive Renal Disease in Rats (Glomerulonephrosis).- Nephropathy in Mice.- Nephrosis.- Renal Amyloidosis.- Nonhuman Primates.- Mice.- Hamsters.- Dogs.- Cats.- Vascular Lesions.- Renal Infarcts.- Bilateral Cortical Necrosis.- Papillary Necrosis.- Renal Calcification (Mineralization).- Nonviral Cellular Inclusions in the Urinary Tract.- Pigment Deposition in the Urinary Tract.- Urolithiasis.- Cystitis.- Congenital Malformations.- Renal Agenesis and Aplasia.- Renal Hypoplasia.- Renal Fusion.- Glomerular Dysplasia.- Kidney Disease of Mice and Familial Renal Disease of Norwegian Elkhounds.- Polycystic Kidney Disease.- Hydronephrosis.- Ectopic Ureter.- Congenital Ureteral Valves.- Uremia.- References.- 4 The Digestive System.- Oral Cavity.- Salivary Glands.- Esophagus.- Stomach.- Small Intestine.- Large Intestine.- Liver.- Biliary System.- Avian Bursa Fabricius.- Pancreas.- Abdominal Cavity and Peritoneum.- References.- 5 The Nervous System.- Viral Infections.- Canine Herpesvirus Encephalitis.- Herpesvirus Encephalitis in Nonhuman Primates.- Encephalitis due to Herpes simplex (Herpesvirus hominis).- Herpes B (B virus, Herpesvirus simiae).- Herpesvirus T (Herpesvirus tamarinus, Herpesvirus M).- Marek’s Disease.- Rat Virus Encephalitis.- Cerebellar Hypoplasia Due to Feline Panleukopenia Virus.- Encephalitis Due to Reovirus III.- Canine Distemper.- Old Dog Encephalitis.- Newcastle Disease in Chickens.- Rabies.- Mouse Encephalomyelitis (Poliomyelitis in the Mouse, Theiler’s Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection).- MHG Virus Encephalomyelitis in Rats.- Poliomyelitis in Nonhuman Primates.- Avian Encephalomyelitis.- Type C RNA Virus Myelitis in Mice.- Encephalitis due to Murine Hepatitus Virus (MHV) (Hepatoencephalitis Group).- Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis.- Mycoplasmal, Bacterial, and Fungal Infections.- Rolling Disease of Mice and Rats—Mycoplasma neurolyticum Infection.- Purulent Meningitis and Brain Abscesses.- Tuberculosis.- Cryptococcosis.- Parasitic Infections.- Encephalitozoonosis (Nosematosis, Microsporidiosis).- Toxoplasmosis.- Helminth and Insect Infections of the Central Nervous System.- Neoplasms.- Nutritional, Demyelinating, Toxic, Metabolic, and Degenerative Diseases.- Thiamine Deficiency in the Cat.- Coonhound Paralysis (Idiopathic Polyradiculitis).- Lead Poisoning.- Lipid Storage Diseases (Lipidoses).- Age-Related Changes in the Nervous System.- Selected Neurologic Mutations in Mice.- References.- 6 The Endocrine System.- Pituitary.- Developmental Anomalies of the Pituitary.- Pharyngeal Hypophysis.- Cysts of the Craniopharyngeal Duct.- Cystic Dilation of the Residual Hypophyseal Lumen of Rathke’s Cleft.- Aplasia or Hypoplasia of the Pituitary.- Atrophic Changes in the Pituitary.- Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases of the Pituitary.- Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia of the Pituitary.- Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Pituitary.- Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Dysfunction.- Dwarfism, Cretinism, and Dwarf-cretinism in Rabbits.- Hypothalamic Diabetes Insipidus.- Cushing-like Syndrome and Disease.- Caudal Neurosecretory System in Fish.- Adrenal.- Developmental Disturbances.- Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, and Neoplasia of the Adrenal.- Degenerative and Inflammatory Changes of the Adrenal.- Hypoadrenocorticism.- Hyperfunction of the Adrenal.- Thyroid.- Developmental Anomalies of the Thyroid Gland.- Aplasia and Hypoplasia.- Ectopic Thyroid Tissue.- Persistent Thyroglossal Duct.- Degenerative Changes of the Thyroid.- Atrophy.- Miscellaneous.- Autoimmune Thyroiditis.- Hypertrophy and