Natural Mineral Nanotubes Properties and Applications

The book provides a wide introduction on history, minerology, geology, and the characteristics and application of different natural nanotubes. It is the first comprehensive book to discuss natural nanotubes, particularly halloysite nanotubes. The book will be useful mainly for postgraduate students and researchers working on the application of natural nanotubes. It will also be useful for those companies or researchers that focus on the design of materials and composites for sustainability. This book: • Provides updates on the diverse and expanding applications of natural mineral nanotubes (including halloysite, sepiolite, and palygorskite) in various industries, and polymer nanocomposites for medical, health, and environmental applications • Provides a comprehensive review of the modification and intercalation of different natural mineral nanotubes • Reviews recent studies of the mechanical properties of halloysite nanotubes • Provides an up-to-date background on the structure, identification, and nomenclature of various natural mineral nanotubes, including halloysite, palygorskite, sepiolite, chrysotile, and erionite • Gives comprehensive global information on the mineralogy, geology, and occurrence of natural mineral nanotubes • Discusses the current understanding of the health risks of natural mineral nanotubes

Introduction Part 1: The Major Nanotubular Minerals and their Structures Phyllosilicates Used as Nanotube Substrates in Engineered Materials: Structures, Chemistries, and Textures; Stephen Guggenheim Part 2: The Identification and Nomenclature of Natural Mineral Nanotubes (A Historical Perspective) The Identification and Nomenclature of Halloysite (A Historical Perspective); G. Jock Churchman The Identification and Nomenclature of Sepiolite and Palygorskite (A Historical Perspective); Emilio Galán and Patricia Aparicio The Identification and Nomenclature of Chrysotile (A Historical Perspective); Saverio Fiore and F. Javier Huertas Part 3: Mineralogy, Geology and Occurrence of Natural Mineral Nanotubes The Mineralogy, Geology and Occurrences of Halloysite; John L Keeling The Mineralogy, Geology and Main Occurences of Sepiolite and Playgorskite Clays; Emilio Galán and Manuel Pozo The Mineralogy, Geology and Main Occurrences of Chrysotile; Saverio Fiore and F. Javier Huertas Part 4: Applications of Natural Mineral Nanotubes in Nanocomposites Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced by Halloysite Nanotubes: A Review; Vahdat Vahedi and Pooria Pasbakhsh Part 5: Biopolymer Composites of Natural Mineral Nanotubes and Their Applications Bionanocomposites of Sepiolite and Palygorskite and Their Medical Issues; Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky, Margarita Darder, Francisco M. Fernandes, Bernd Wicklein, Ana C. S. Alcântara, and Pilar Aranda Biopolymer Nanocomposites: Poly Lactic Acid/Halloysite Nanotube Composites; Rangika T De Silva, Pooria Pasbakhsh, and Kheng Lim Goh Halloysite-Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications; Mingxian Liu, Peng Ao, Qi Peng, Binghong Luo, and Changren Zhou Current Research on Chitosan-Halloysite Composites; Kavitha Govindasamy, Pooria Pasbakhsh and KL Goh Part 6: Mechanical Properties of Halloysite and Other Nanotubes Measurement of the Elastic Modulus of Halloysite Nanotubes Using Atomic Force Microscopy; B. Lecouvet, C. Bailly, and B. Nysten Mechanics of Halloysite Nanotubes; Kheng Lim Goh, Rangika De Silva, Pooria Pasbakhsh Part 7: Modification of Natural Mineral Nanotubes Functionalization and Compatiblization of Halloysite Nanotubes; Vahdat Vahedi and Pooria Pasbakhsh Modification of Sepiolite and Palygorskite Nanotubes and Their Applications; Gustave Kenne Dedzo and Christian Detellier Organopalygorskites Prepared From Quaternary Ammonium Compounds and Their Environmental Uses; Binoy Sarkar and Ravi Naidu Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes: Role of External Hydroxyl Groups; Vahdat Vahedi, Pooria Pasbakhsh, and Siang-Piao Chai Part 8: Natural Mineral Nanotubes as Nanoreactors used in Industrial and Agricultural Applications Halloysite Tubule Nanoreactors in Industrial and Agricultural Applications; Elshad Abdullaye and Yuri Lvov Some Further Industrial, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of Halloysite Nanotubes; B. Lecouvet and C. Bailly Nanotubular Minerals as Templates and Nanoreactors; Gustave Kenne Dedzo and Christian Detellier Part 9: Medical and Health applications of Natural Mineral Nanotubes and Their Health Problems Medical and Health Applications of Halloysite Nanotubes; Elshad Abdullayev Medical and Health Applications of Natural Mineral Nanotubes; César Viseras, Carola Aguzzi, and Pilar Cerezo The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Different Naturally-Occurring Halloysites; Javiera Cervini Silva, Antonio Nieto-Camacho, and María Teresa Ramírez-Apán Health Effects of Carbon Nanotubes and Some Comparisons with Natural Mineral Nanotubes; Marie-Claude Jaurand Part 10: Final Remarks Current Trends in Research and Application of Natural Mineral Nanotubes; G. Jock Churchman and Pooria Pasbakhsh Index

Pooria Pasbakhsh, PhD, is a lecturer at the School of Engineering at Monash University in Selangor, Malaysia since 2010 with a specialty in polymer nanocomposites and nanomaterials. He has published several journal and conference papers on characterization and applications of halloysite nanotubes. Since 2007 his research has been supported by the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia, Monash University, University of Science Malaysia and Geological Survey of South Australia Resources and Energy Group where he did a short postdoc on characterization of various halloysite nanotubes from different origins at the University of Adelaide in Australia. His current research interests concern the preparation, characterization, and modeling of bionanocomposites for packaging and medical applications. He is a member of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (UK), and the Australian Clay Minerals Society. G. Jock Churchman, PhD, is adjunct senior lecturer in soils at the University of Adelaide and part-time associate professor at the Centre for Environment Risk Assessment and Remediation at the University of South Australia. He continues trying to understand why halloysite contains interlayer water (his specific PhD thesis topic) while also pursuing many other research topics on clays, especially in soils. He was employed in the New Zealand Soil Bureau, DSIR for 16 years and in CSIRO Division of Soils (later Land and Water) for 14 years, and has held visiting fellowships in soil science at Reading University and the University of Western Australia. He is a former editor (now emeritus) of the journal of Applied Clay Science. In 2005, he completed a BA (Hons) in philosophy from Flinders University of South Australia with a thesis on the philosophical status of soil science. He obtained degrees in chemistry from Otago University in his native New Zealand. He studied the physical chemistry of halloysite for his PhD, under a fellowship from the New Zealand pottery and ceramics industry and carried out research for this industry for a short time before beginning a two-year post-doctoral fellowship in soil science at the University of Wisconsin, USA.